Chapter 82 Real Estate Brokers and Salespersons

82.55 DEFINITIONS.

82.56 EXCEPTIONS

82.57 LICENSING

82.58 LICENSING CONTINUED

82.59 LICENSING CONTINUED

82.60 EDUCATION

82.61 LICENSING CONTINUED

82.62 LICENSING CONTINUED

82.63 LICENSING CONTINUED

82.64 RECIPROCITY

82.641 LICENSING CONTINUED

82.65 NOTICE TO COMMISSIONER

82.66 CONTRACTS

82.67 DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS

82.68 DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS

82.69 ADVERTISING REQUIREMENTS

82.70 COMPENSATION

82.71 NEGOTIATIONS

82.72 RECORDS

82.73 STANDARDS OF CONDUCT

82.735 STANDARDS OF CONDUCT CONTINUED

82.74 GUARANTEED SALE PROGRAMS

82.75 TRUST ACCOUNTS

82.76 LOAN BROKERS

82.77 TABLE FUNDING

82.78 RENTAL SERVICES

82.80 UNCLAIMED PROPERTY

82.81 PROHIBITIONS

82.82 DENIAL AND LICENSE SUSPENSION

82.83 PENALTY

82.84 PUBLIC INFORMATION

82.85 CIVIL ACTION

82.86 REAL ESTATE EDUCATION AND RESEARCH FUND

82.87 COMPUTATION OF TIME

82.88 NONRESIDENT SERVICE OF PROCESS

82.89 RULEMAKING POWERS

82.55 DEFINITIONS.

Subdivision 1.Scope. For the purposes of this chapter the terms defined in this section have the meanings given to them.

Subd. 1a.Automated valuation model. For purposes of this chapter, "automated valuation model" means a computerized model used by mortgage originators and secondary market issuers to determine the collateral worth of a mortgage secured, or to be secured, by a consumer's principal dwelling.

Subd. 1b.Broker price opinion or BPO. For purposes of this chapter, "broker price opinion" or "BPO" means an estimate prepared by a real estate broker, real estate salesperson, or licensed real estate appraiser that details the probable selling price of a particular parcel of real property and provides a varying level of detail about the property's condition, market, and neighborhood, and information on comparable sales, but does not include an automated valuation model.

Subd. 2.Brokerage; business entity. "Brokerage" or "business entity" means a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or other business structure that holds a real estate broker license.

Subd. 3.Business of financial planning. "Business of financial planning" means providing, or offering to provide, financial planning services or financial counseling or advice, on a group or individual basis. A person who, on advertisements, cards, signs, circulars, letterheads, or in any other manner, indicates that the person is a "financial planner," "financial counselor," "financial adviser," "investment counselor," "estate planner," "investment adviser," "financial consultant," or any other similar designation or title or combination thereof, is considered to be representing himself or herself to be engaged in the business of financial planning.

Subd. 3a.Buyer's broker. "Buyer's broker" means a licensee who represents a buyer under a signed buyer's broker agreement. A buyer's broker owes to the buyer fiduciary duties.

Subd. 4.Closing agent; real estate closing agent. "Closing agent" or "real estate closing agent" means any person whether or not acting as an agent for a title insurance agent, a licensed attorney, real estate broker, or real estate salesperson, who for another and with or without a commission, fee, or other valuable consideration or with or without the intention or expectation of receiving a commission, fee, or other valuable consideration, directly or indirectly provides closing services incident to the sale, trade, lease, or loan of residential real estate, including drawing or assisting in drawing papers incident to the sale, trade, lease, or loan, or advertises or claims to be engaged in these activities.

Subd. 5.Commissioner. "Commissioner" means the commissioner of commerce or a designee.

Subd. 6.Dual agency. "Dual agency" means a situation in which a licensee owes a duty to more than one party to the transaction.

Circumstances which establish dual agency include the following:

(1) when one licensee represents both the buyer and the seller in a real estate transaction; or

(2) when two or more licensees, licensed to the same broker, each represent a party to the transaction.

Subd. 7.Electronic agent. "Electronic agent" means a computer program or an electronic or other automated means used independently to initiate an action or respond to electronic records or performances, in whole or in part, without review or action by an individual.

Subd. 8.Electronic record. "Electronic record" means a record created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored by electronic means.

Subd. 9.Electronic signature. "Electronic signature" means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with a record and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the record.

Subd. 10.Licensee. "Licensee" means a person duly licensed under this chapter.

Subd. 11.Loan broker. "Loan broker" means a licensed real estate broker or salesperson who, for another and for an advance fee or with the intention or expectation of receiving the same, directly or indirectly, negotiates or offers or attempts to negotiate a loan secured or to be secured by a mortgage or other encumbrance on real estate, or represents himself or herself or otherwise holds himself or herself out as a licensed real estate broker or salesperson, either in connection with any transaction in which he or she directly or indirectly negotiates or offers or attempts to negotiate a loan, or in connection with the conduct of his or her ordinary business activities as a loan broker.

"Loan broker" does not include a licensed real estate broker or salesperson who, in the course of representing a purchaser or seller of real estate, incidentally assists the purchaser or seller in obtaining financing for the real property in question if the licensee does not receive a separate commission, fee, or other valuable consideration for this service.

For the purposes of this subdivision, an "advance fee" means a commission, fee, charge, or compensation of any kind paid before the closing of a loan, that is intended in whole or in part as payment for finding or attempting to find a loan for a borrower. Advance fee does not include pass-through fees or commitment or extended lock fees or other fees as determined by the commissioner.

Subd. 12.Overpayment. "Overpayment" means any payment of money in excess of a statutory fee or for a license for which a person does not qualify.

Subd. 13.Override clause. "Override clause" means:

(1) a provision in a listing agreement or similar instrument allowing the broker to receive compensation when, after the listing agreement has expired, the property is sold to persons with whom a broker or salesperson had negotiated or shown the property prior to the expiration of the listing agreement; or

(2) a provision in the buyer's representation agreement or similar instrument allowing the broker to receive compensation when, after the buyer's representation agreement has expired, the buyer has purchased a property the salesperson had shown the buyer prior to the expiration of the buyer's agreement.

Subd. 14.Person. "Person" means a natural person, firm, partnership, corporation or association, and the officers, directors, employees and agents thereof.

Subd. 15.Primary broker. "Primary broker" means the broker on whose behalf salespersons are licensed to act pursuant to section 82.63, subdivision 4. In the case of a corporation licensed as a broker, "primary broker" means each officer of the corporation who is individually licensed to act as broker for the corporation. In the case of a partnership, "primary broker" means each partner licensed to act as a broker for the partnership. In the case of a limited liability company licensed as a broker, "primary broker" means each officer of the company who is individually licensed to act as a broker for the company.

Subd. 16.Protective list. "Protective list" means:

(1) the written list of names and addresses of prospective buyers with whom a licensee has negotiated the sale or rental of the property or to whom a licensee has exhibited the property before the expiration of the listing agreement. For the purposes of this subdivision, "property" means the property that is the subject of the listing agreement in question; or

(2) the written list of addresses of properties that a licensee has negotiated the sale or rental of before the expiration of the buyer's agreement.

Subd. 17. [Repealed, 2014 c 199 s 37]

Subd. 18.Real estate. For purposes of this chapter, "real estate" shall also include a manufactured home, when such manufactured home is affixed to land. Manufactured home means any factory built structure or structures equipped with the necessary service connections and made so as to be readily movable as a unit or units and designed to be used as a dwelling unit or units.

Subd. 19.Real estate broker; broker. "Real estate broker" or "broker" means any person who:

(a) for another and for commission, fee, or other valuable consideration or with the intention or expectation of receiving the same directly or indirectly lists, sells, exchanges, buys or rents, manages, or offers or attempts to negotiate a sale, option, exchange, purchase or rental of an interest or estate in real estate, or advertises or holds out as engaged in these activities;

(b) for another and for commission, fee, or other valuable consideration or with the intention or expectation of receiving the same directly or indirectly negotiates or offers or attempts to negotiate a loan, secured or to be secured by a mortgage or other encumbrance on real estate, which is not a residential mortgage loan as defined by section 58.02, subdivision 18;

(c) "real estate broker" or "broker" as set forth in clause (b) shall not apply to the originating, making, processing, selling, or servicing of a loan in connection with the ordinary business activities of a mortgagee, lender, or servicer approved or certified by the secretary of Housing and Urban Development, or approved or certified by the administrator of Veterans Affairs, or approved or certified by the administrator of the Farmers Home Administration, or approved as a multifamily seller/servicer by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or as a multifamily partner approved by the Federal National Mortgage Association;

(d) for another and for commission, fee, or other valuable consideration or with the intention or expectation of receiving the same directly or indirectly lists, sells, exchanges, buys, rents, manages, offers or attempts to negotiate a sale, option, exchange, purchase or rental of any business opportunity or business, or its good will, inventory, or fixtures, or any interest therein;

(e) for another and for commission, fee, or other valuable consideration or with the intention or expectation of receiving the same directly or indirectly offers, sells or attempts to negotiate the sale of property that is subject to the registration requirements of chapter 83, concerning subdivided land;

(f) for another and for commission, fee, or other valuable consideration or with the intention or expectation of receiving the same, promotes the sale of real estate by advertising it in a publication issued primarily for this purpose, if the person:

(1) negotiates on behalf of any party to a transaction;

(2) disseminates any information regarding the property to any party or potential party to a transaction subsequent to the publication of the advertisement, except that in response to an initial inquiry from a potential purchaser, the person may forward additional written information regarding the property which has been prepared prior to the publication by the seller or broker or a representative of either;

(3) counsels, advises, or offers suggestions to the seller or a representative of the seller with regard to the marketing, offer, sale, or lease of the real estate, whether prior to or subsequent to the publication of the advertisement;

(4) counsels, advises, or offers suggestions to a potential buyer or a representative of the seller with regard to the purchase or rental of any advertised real estate; or

(5) engages in any other activity otherwise subject to licensure under this chapter;

(g) engages wholly or in part in the business of selling real estate to the extent that a pattern of real estate sales is established, whether or not the real estate is owned by the person. A person shall be presumed to be engaged in the business of selling real estate if the person engages as principal in five or more transactions during any 12-month period, unless the person is represented by a licensed real estate broker or salesperson.

Subd. 20.Real estate salesperson. "Real estate salesperson" means one who acts on behalf of a real estate broker in performing any act authorized by this chapter to be performed by the broker.

Subd. 21.Rental service. "Rental service" means a person who gathers and catalogs information concerning apartments or other units of real estate available for rent, and who, for a fee, provides information intended to meet the individual needs of specifically identified lessors or prospective lessees. "Rental service" does not apply to newspapers or other periodicals with a general circulation or individual listing contracts between an owner or lessor of property and a licensee.

Subd. 22.Responsible person. "Responsible person" means a natural person that is an officer of a corporation, a partner of a partnership, a general partner of a limited liability partnership, or a manager of a limited liability company.

Subd. 23.Residential real property or residential real estate. "Residential real property" or "residential real estate" means property occupied by, or intended to be occupied by, one to four families as their residence.

Subd. 23a.Seller's broker. "Seller's broker" means a licensee who represents a seller under a signed seller's broker agreement. A seller's broker owes to the seller fiduciary duties.

Subd. 24.Sponsor. "Sponsor" means a person offering or providing real estate education.

Subd. 25.Trust account. "Trust account" means, for purposes of this chapter, a savings account, negotiable order of withdrawal account, demand deposit or checking account maintained for the purpose of segregating trust funds from other funds. A trust account must be an interest-bearing account paying the highest current passbook savings account rate of interest and must not allow the financial institution a right of set off against money owed it by the licensee.

Subd. 26.Trust funds. "Trust funds" means funds received by a broker, salesperson, or closing agent in a fiduciary capacity as a part of a real estate or business opportunity transaction, pending the consummation or termination of a transaction, and includes all down payments, earnest money deposits, rents for clients, tax and insurance escrow payments, damage deposits, and any funds received on behalf of any person.

82.56 EXCEPTIONS.

Unless a person is licensed or otherwise required to be licensed under this chapter, the term real estate broker does not include:

(a) a licensed practicing attorney if the attorney complies in all respects with the trust account provisions of this chapter;

(b) a receiver, trustee, administrator, guardian, executor, or other person appointed by or acting under the judgment or order of any court;

(d) any custodian, janitor, or employee of the owner or manager of a residential building who leases residential units in the building;

(e) any bank, trust company, savings association, industrial loan and thrift company, regulated lender under chapter 56, public utility, or land mortgage or farm loan association organized under the laws of this state or the United States, when engaged in the transaction of business within the scope of its corporate powers as provided by law;

(f) public officers while performing their official duties;

(g) employees of persons enumerated in clauses (b), (e), and (f), when engaged in the specific performance of their duties;

(h) any person who acts as an auctioneer bonded in conformity with section 330.02, when that person is engaged in the specific performance of duties as an auctioneer, and when that person has been employed to auction real estate by a person licensed under this chapter or when the auctioneer has engaged a licensed attorney to supervise the real estate transaction;

(i) any person who acquires real estate for the purpose of engaging in and does engage in, or who is engaged in the business of constructing residential, commercial or industrial buildings for the purpose of resale if no more than 25 such transactions occur in any 12-month period and the person complies with section 82.75;

(j) any person who is licensed as a securities broker-dealer or is licensed as a securities agent representing a broker-dealer pursuant to chapter 80A and who offers to sell or sells an interest or estate in real estate which is a security as defined in section 80A.41(30), and is registered or exempt from registration or part of a transaction exempt from registration pursuant to chapter 80A, when acting solely as an incident to the sale of these securities;

(k) any person who offers to sell or sells a business opportunity which is a franchise registered pursuant to chapter 80C, when acting solely to sell the franchise;

(l) any person who contracts with or solicits on behalf of a provider a contract with a resident or prospective resident to provide continuing care in a facility, pursuant to the Continuing Care Facility Disclosure and Rehabilitation Act (chapter 80D), when acting solely as incident to the contract;

(m) any broker-dealer or agent of a broker-dealer when participating in a transaction in which all or part of a business opportunity or business, including any interest therein, is conveyed or acquired pursuant to an asset purchase, merger, exchange of securities, or other business combination, if the agent or broker-dealer is licensed pursuant to chapter 80A;

(n) an accountant acting incident to the practice of the accounting profession if the accountant complies in all respects with the trust account provisions of this chapter.

82.57 LICENSE FEES.

Subdivision 1.Amounts. The following fees shall be paid to the commissioner:

(a) a fee of $150 for each initial individual broker's license, and a fee of $100 for each renewal thereof;

(b) a fee of $70 for each initial salesperson's license, and a fee of $40 for each renewal thereof;

(d) a fee of $150 for each initial corporate, limited liability company, or partnership license, and a fee of $100 for each renewal thereof;

(e) a fee for payment to the education, research and recovery fund in accordance with section 82.86;

(f) a fee of $20 for each transfer;

(g) a fee of $20 for reactivating a corporate, limited liability company, or partnership license; and

(h) in addition to the fees required under this subdivision, individual licensees under clauses (a) and (b) shall pay, for each initial license and renewal, a technology surcharge of up to $40 under section 45.24, unless the commissioner has adjusted the surcharge as permitted under that section.

Subd. 2.Forfeiture. All fees shall be retained by the commissioner and shall be nonreturnable, except that an overpayment of any fee shall be the subject of a refund upon proper application.

Subd. 3.Broker payment consolidation. For all license renewal fees, recovery fund renewal fees, and recovery fund assessments pursuant to this section and section 82.86, the broker must remit the fees or assessments for the company, broker, and all salespersons licensed to the broker.

Subd. 4.Deposit of fees. Unless otherwise provided by this chapter, all fees collected under this chapter shall be deposited in the state treasury. The technology surcharge shall be deposited as required under section 45.24.

Subd. 5.Initial license expiration; fee reduction. An initial license issued under this chapter expires in the year that results in the term of the license being at least 12 months, but no more than 24 months.

Subd. 6.Cash not accepted. All fees must be paid by check, draft, credit card, or other negotiable or nonnegotiable instrument or order of withdrawal that is drawn against funds held by a financial institution. Cash will not be accepted.

Subd. 7.Overpayment of fees. An overpayment of a fee paid pursuant to this chapter shall be refunded within a reasonable time after a letter requesting the refund is received by the commissioner and signed by the person making the overpayment.

Refunds shall not be given for anything other than overpayment of fees. A request for a refund of an overpayment must be received by the commissioner within six months of the date of deposit or it will be forfeited.

82.58 LICENSING: APPLICATION.

Subdivision 1.Qualification of applicants. An applicant for a real estate broker or real estate salesperson license shall be at least 18 years of age at the time of making application for said license.

Subd. 2.Application for license; contents. (a) An applicant for a license as a real estate broker or real estate salesperson shall make an application in the format prescribed by the commissioner. The application shall be accompanied by the license fee required by this chapter.

(b) Each application for a real estate broker license or real estate salesperson license shall contain such information as required by the commissioner consistent with the administration of the provisions and purposes of this chapter.

(c) The application for a real estate salesperson license shall give the applicant's legal name, age, residence address, and the name and place of business of the real estate broker on whose behalf the salesperson is to be acting.

(d) The commissioner may require such further information as the commissioner deems appropriate to administer the provisions and further the purposes of this chapter.

(e) In addition to the application for licensure, an applicant for a real estate salesperson license shall submit to the commissioner a copy of the course completion certificate for courses I, II, and III and passing examination results.

Subd. 3.Application for broker's license. After successful completion of the real estate broker's examination, an individual shall have one year from the date of the examination to apply for a broker's license, unless the individual is a salesperson who remains continuously active in the real estate field as a licensee. Failure to apply for the broker's license or to remain continuously active in the real estate field will necessitate a reexamination.

Subd. 4.Business entity; brokerage licenses. (a) A business entity applying for a license shall have at least one responsible person individually licensed to act as broker for the brokerage. The business entity broker's license shall extend no authority to act as broker to any person other than the business entity. Each responsible person who intends to act as a broker shall obtain a license.

(b) A business entity applying for a license shall have at least one responsible person individually licensed to act as broker for the business entity. Each responsible person who intends to act as a broker shall obtain a license.

(d) A responsible person who ceases to act as broker for a business entity shall notify the commissioner upon said termination. The individual licenses of all salespersons acting on behalf of a brokerage are automatically ineffective upon the revocation or suspension of the license of the brokerage. The commissioner may suspend or revoke the license of a responsible person licensee without suspending or revoking the license of the business entity.

(e) The application of all responsible persons of a business entity who intend to act as brokers on behalf of a business entity shall accompany the initial license application of the business entity. Responsible persons intending to act as brokers subsequent to the licensing of the business entity shall procure an individual real estate broker's license prior to acting in the capacity of a broker. No responsible person who maintains a salesperson's license may exercise any authority over any trust account administered by the broker nor may they be vested with any supervisory authority over the broker.

(f) The business entity applicant shall make available upon request, such records and data required by the commissioner for enforcement of this chapter.

(g) The commissioner may require further information, as the commissioner deems appropriate, to administer the provisions and further the purposes of this chapter.

Subd. 5.Period for application. An applicant who obtains an acceptable score on a salesperson's examination must file an application and obtain the license within one year of the date of successful completion of the examination or a second examination must be taken to qualify for the license.

82.59 LICENSING; EXAMINATIONS AND INSTRUCTION.

Subdivision 1.Generally. Each applicant for a license must pass an examination conducted by the commissioner. The examinations shall be of sufficient scope to establish the competency of the applicant to act as a real estate broker or a real estate salesperson.

Subd. 2.Examination eligibility; revocation. No applicant shall be eligible to take any examination if a license as a real estate broker or salesperson has been revoked in this or any other state within two years of the date of the application.

Subd. 3.Examination frequency. The commissioner shall hold examinations at such times and places as the commissioner may determine, except that said examinations will be held at least every 45 days.

Subd. 4.Broker's examination. (a) The examination for a real estate broker's license shall be more exacting than that for a real estate salesperson, and shall require a higher degree of knowledge of the fundamentals of real estate practice and law.

(b) Every application for a broker's examination shall be accompanied by proof that the applicant has had a minimum of three years of actual experience within the previous five-year period prior to application as a licensed real estate salesperson in this or in another state having comparable requirements or is, in the opinion of the commissioner, otherwise or similarly qualified by reason of education or practical experience. The applicant shall have completed educational requirements in accordance with subdivision 8.

(c) An applicant for a limited broker's license pursuant to section 82.63, subdivision 13, shall not be required to have a minimum of three years of actual experience as a real estate person in order to obtain a limited broker's license.

Subd. 5.Waivers. (a) The commissioner may grant a waiver of the real estate licensing experience requirement for the broker's examination to a qualified applicant for a waiver.

(b) A qualified applicant for a waiver is an individual who:

(1) has a degree in real estate from an accredited college or university;

(2) is a licensed practicing attorney whose practice involves real estate law; or

(3) is a public officer whose official duties involve real estate law or real estate transactions.

(c) The commissioner shall grant a waiver of the real estate licensing experience requirement for the broker's examination to a qualified individual whose license lapsed or became ineffective and who applies for the waiver. The qualified individual shall not be required to pay a fee or charge for applying for the waiver or retaking the examination. The qualified individual may retake the examination under the terms of the waiver. For purposes of this paragraph, "qualified individual" means: (1) an active duty military member on the date of license cancellation or the date by which a timely renewal must have been made; (2) the spouse of an active duty military member on the date of license cancellation or the date by which a timely renewal must have been made; or (3) a veteran or spouse of a veteran who has left service in the two years preceding the date of license cancellation or the date by which a timely renewal must have been made, and has confirmation of an honorable or general discharge status.

If a waiver is granted under this paragraph, the commissioner shall not assess or retain any fine or penalty arising from the related licensing action.

(d) A request for a waiver shall be submitted to the commissioner in writing on a form prescribed by the commissioner and be accompanied by documents necessary to evidence qualification as set forth in paragraph (b).

(e) The waiver will lapse if the applicant fails to successfully complete the broker's examination within one year from the date of the granting of the waiver.

Subd. 6.Passing grade for examination. A passing grade for a salesperson's and broker's examination shall be a score of 75 percent or higher on the uniform portion and a score of 75 percent or higher on the state portion of the examination.

The commissioner shall not accept the scores of a person who has cheated on an examination. Cheating on a real estate examination shall be grounds for denying an application for a broker's or salesperson's license.

Subd. 7.Reexaminations. An examination may be required before the reactivation of any license which has been suspended or revoked. No reexamination shall be required of any individual who has failed to cause renewal of an existing license for reasons that qualify the individual for the exemption for military service under section 326.56, subdivision 2, and no reexamination shall be required of an individual whose license has not been renewed under section 82.82, subdivision 9.

Subd. 8.Instruction; new licenses. (a) An applicant for a salesperson's license shall be required to successfully complete a course of study in the real estate field consisting of 30 hours of instruction approved by the commissioner before taking the examination specified in subdivision 1. An applicant for a salesperson's license shall be required to successfully complete an additional course of study in the real estate field consisting of 60 hours of instruction approved by the commissioner, of which three hours shall consist of training in state and federal fair housing laws, regulations, and rules, and of which two hours must consist of training in laws and regulations on agency representation and disclosure, before filing an application for the license. This subdivision does not apply to salespeople licensed in Minnesota before July 1, 1969.

(b) An applicant for a broker's license must successfully complete a course of study in the real estate field consisting of 30 hours of instruction approved by the commissioner, of which three hours shall consist of training in state and federal fair housing laws, regulations, and rules. The course must have been completed within 12 months prior to the date of application for the broker's license.

82.60 EDUCATION; COURSE CURRICULUM.

Subdivision 1.Prelicense education. Prelicense education for a real estate salesperson must consist of Course I, Course II, and Course III as described in this section. Prelicense education for a real estate broker must consist of the broker course as described in this section.

Subd. 2.Course I. (a) Introduction to Real Estate, one hour:

(1) overview of course I:

(i) course goals;

(ii) attendance breaks;

(iii) examination policy; and

(iv) course and instructor evaluation;

(2) scope of industry;

(3) areas of specialization;

(4) industry terminology;

(5) professional standards and ethics; and

(6) broker/salesperson relationship.

(b) Title Closing, six hours:

(1) examination of title:

(i) history;

(ii) examination of abstract;

(iii) title insurance:

(A) owners;

(B) purchasers; and

(iv) title registration (torrens);

(2) closing:

(i) closing checklist;

(ii) methods of closing:

(A) closing through escrow; and

(B) other;

(iii) delivery of deed;

(iv) responsibilities of buyer and seller:

(A) taxes and liens;

(B) reduction certificate (assumption statement);

(D) leases;

(E) bill of sale;

(F) title search;

(G) survey;

(H) certificate of occupancy;

(I) violations (ordinances); and

(J) apportionments;

(v) adjournment of closing (settlement);

(vi) Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA):

(A) lender requirements;

(B) truth in lending (Regulation Z); and

(vii) responsibilities of broker;

(viii) deeds:

(A) parts of a deed:

1. parties;

2. consideration;

3. words of conveyance;

4. property description;

5. appurtenances;

6. habendum (estate);

7. execution and acknowledgment; and

8. seal;

(B) delivery;

(D) types of deeds:

1. quitclaim;

2. warranty deed and covenants;

3. special warranty deed; and

4. other;

(E) covenants running with the land; and

(F) validity;

(3) search and examination of title:

(i) object of search:

(A) chain of title; and

(B) recording acts;

(ii) grantor-grantee system of indexing:

(A) running the chain of title;

(B) grantors;

(D) lis pendens;

(E) judgments;

(F) liens;

(G) taxes;

(H) court with probate jurisdiction; and

(I) special assessments; and

(iii) lot and block indexing.

(1) real estate license law:

(i) purpose of law and rules;

(ii) administration of law:

(A) Department of Commerce; and

(B) penalties for violation; and

(iii) substantive provisions of law:

(A) trust accounts;

(B) prohibition of fraudulent, deceptive, or dishonest practices;

(D) Real Estate Research and Recovery Fund; and

(E) licensing and education requirements;

(2) laws relating to agency;

(3) subdivided land act:

(i) scope of law;

(ii) registration provisions; and

(iii) licensing requirements;

(4) Securities Act-potential applicability to real estate; and

(5) appraiser licensing law.

(d) Basic Law of Contracts, three hours:

(1) definition;

(2) essentials;

(3) breach-remedies;

(4) types of real estate contracts:

(i) purchase agreement-parties to;

(ii) listing agreement-parties to;

(iii) contract for deed;

(iv) options; and

(v) lease; and

(5) cancellation.

(e) Principles of Financing, five hours:

(1) types:

(i) FHA;

(ii) VA;

(iii) Conventional/insured conventional;

(iv) ARM;

(v) other; and

(vi) points;

(2) sources of mortgage funds:

(i) lenders;

(ii) secondary mortgage market; and

(iii) owner financing; and

(3) usury.

(f) Types and Classifications of Property, four hours:

(1) residential construction, government regulation;

(2) land development and use:

(i) city planning; and

(ii) zoning; and

(3) condominiums, cooperatives, planned unit developments, common interest communities, manufactured housing:

(i) definitions;

(ii) financing;

(iii) licenses required to sell;

(iv) homeowner's associations; and

(v) bylaws.

(g) Environmental Issues, three hours.

Subd. 3.Course II. (a) Valuation, three hours:

(1) evaluation vs. appraisal;

(2) methods of valuation:

(i) market approach;

(ii) cost approach; and

(iii) income approach; and

(3) tax value.

(b) Financing Applications, seven hours:

(1) review of course I financing;

(2) mortgages:

(i) legal elements;

(ii) theories:

(A) lien; and

(B) title;

(iii) mortgage note; and

(iv) assumption; and

(3) foreclosure/default.

(1) review of course I contracts;

(2) purchase agreement, essential elements;

(3) listing agreement:

(i) employment contract - broker; and

(ii) essential elements; and

(4) contract for deed, essential elements.

(d) Fair Housing, three hours:

(1) Federal fair housing laws; and

(2) state fair housing laws.

(e) Real Estate Specialties, one hour.

Subd. 4.Course III. Course III must be a 30-hour course consisting of one of the courses in paragraphs (a) to (j).

(a) Real Estate Appraisal:

(1) nature, importance, and purposes of appraisals;

(2) nature, importance, and characteristics of property and value;

(3) principles controlling real estate value;

(4) the appraisal process;

(5) economic and neighborhood analysis;

(6) considerations and fundamentals of site evaluation;

(7) construction methods and materials;

(8) architectural styles and utility;

(9) cost approach; estimating costs and accrued depreciation;

(10) analysis;

(11) market data approach;

(12) income approach; income and expense analysis, capitalization theory and techniques;

(13) reconciliation and final value estimate;

(14) writing the report;

(15) USPAP; and

(16) course examination.

(b) Closing Procedures:

(1) overview of closing; persons present, protocol, timeliness;

(2) review of purchase agreement, supplements, addendum;

(3) compilation of data needed to prepare a closing file;

(4) legal documents;

(5) abstracts, title procedures;

(6) review of settlement costs; buyer, seller;

(7) closing statement; prorations and other math;

(8) review of sample cases;

(9) follow-up procedures; and

(10) course examination.

(1) responsibilities of broker to seller and buyer;

(2) selling options;

(3) sources of financing;

(4) factors in selecting a farm or ranch;

(5) advantages and disadvantages of irrigation systems;

(6) determination of farm and ranch value;

(7) consideration in the constructing of purchase agreements; and

(8) course examination.

(d) Real Estate Finance:

(1) introduction to the mortgage market;

(2) sources of mortgage money;

(3) real estate investment trusts and syndication;

(4) mortgage banking;

(5) financing residential properties;

(6) financing income producing properties;

(7) construction and land development loans;

(8) special techniques used in financing real estate;

(9) junior mortgages;

(10) land contracts;

(11) financing long-term leases; and

(12) course examination.

(e) Real Estate Investment:

(1) real estate investments;

(2) discounted cash flow analysis;

(3) measuring investment returns;

(4) estimation of real estate cash flows;

(5) real estate financing;

(6) the tax process;

(7) acquisitions and operations;

(8) dispositions and exchanges;

(9) after-tax investment analysis;

(10) speculative land investment;

(11) multiple exchanges; and

(12) course examination.

(f) Real Estate Law:

(1) the process of real estate law;

(2) real estate brokerage;

(3) contract for the sale of real estate;

(4) property conveyance;

(5) title insurance and closing;

(6) property ownership and taxes;

(7) estates in land and landlord/tenant relationships;

(8) cooperatives, condominiums, and planned unit developments;

(9) real estate lending and land use regulations; and

(10) course examination.

(g) Real Estate Management:

(1) overview and economics of real estate management;

(2) government involvement;

(3) the management plan;

(4) owner relations and record keeping;

(5) marketing and leasing;

(6) property operations:

(i) tenant administration;

(ii) physical plant maintenance; and

(iii) staffing and employee relations;

(7) residential management:

(i) rental housing; and

(ii) condominiums and cooperatives;

(8) commercial management:

(i) office building and special purpose properties; and

(ii) shopping centers and retail properties;

(9) the management office;

(10) creative property management; and

(11) course examination.

(h) Business Brokerage:

(1) business financial statements;

(2) financial statement ratio analysis;

(3) cash flow, rate of return, and break-even analysis;

(4) competitive market analysis;

(5) valuation of the business;

(6) developing the business plan;

(7) qualifying the buyer;

(8) terms of the purchase agreement;

(9) financing the business opportunity;

(10) evaluation of business risk; and

(11) course examination.

(i) Commercial Real Estate:

(1) types of commercial properties;

(2) introduction to commercial real estate sales;

(3) office leasing;

(4) industrial leasing;

(5) retail leasing;

(6) business opportunity sales; and

(7) course examination.

(j) Residential Architecture and Construction:

(1) architectural styles and designs;

(2) blueprints and plans;

(3) construction basics;

(4) exteriors;

(5) interiors;

(6) mechanical systems; and

(7) course examination.

A combination course must consist of no more than three of the preceding ten subjects and must devote at least ten hours to each subject. An education provider that proposes to offer a combination course III must submit to the commissioner, as part of the application for approval, an outline setting forth the subjects to be addressed and the number of hours proposed to be devoted to each topic.

Subd. 5.Broker course. The required course for real estate brokers must consist of the subject hours in paragraphs (a) to (j).

(a) Broker Licensing Requirements, three hours:

(1) ownership and operational forms; and

(2) Minnesota license law review.

(b) Trust Account Requirements, two hours:

(1) opening the trust account;

(2) deposit requirements; and

(3) trust account records.

(1) current statutes and agency law; and

(2) statutory addenda and disclosures.

(d) Antidiscrimination, three hours:

(1) federal fair housing;

(2) Americans with Disabilities Act; and

(3) Minnesota Human Rights Act.

(e) Real Estate Principles Update, one hour:

(1) land improvement, estates;

(2) legal descriptions;

(3) governmental rights; and

(4) property taxation and special assessments.

(f) Real Estate Sale, Lease, and Transfer, two hours:

(1) purchase agreement and addenda;

(2) lease types and terms;

(3) deed types and clauses; and

(4) contract for deed.

(g) Financing and Valuation Update, three hours:

(1) sources of financing;

(2) foreclosure law;

(3) principles of value; and

(4) methods of valuation.

(h) Broker's Role in Closing, three hours:

(1) prorating;

(2) closing statements;

(3) closing documents; and

(4) deposit requirements.

(i) Income Taxation, three hours:

(1) tax rules of home ownership;

(2) investment tax issues; and

(3) sale of personal residence.

(j) Employment Laws and Insurance, three hours:

(1) Fair Labor Standards Act;

(2) tax laws, withholding, reports;

(3) independent contractor vs. employee;

(4) State and Federal Unemployment Tax Act; and

(5) errors and omissions insurance.

(k) Final Exam.

82.61 LICENSING: CONTINUING EDUCATION AND INSTRUCTION.

(a) All real estate salespersons and all real estate brokers shall be required to successfully complete 30 hours of real estate continuing education, either as a student or a lecturer, in courses of study approved by the commissioner, during the initial license period and during each succeeding 24-month license period. At least 15 of the 30 credit hours must be completed during the first 12 months of the 24-month licensing period. Licensees may not claim credit for continuing education not actually completed.

(b) The commissioner may adopt rules defining the standards for course and instructor approval, and may adopt rules for the proper administration of prelicense instruction as required under section 82.59, subdivision 8, and continuing education as required under this section and sections 82.58, subdivision 5; 82.59; 82.62, subdivisions 1 and 5 to 7; and 82.64. The commissioner may not approve a course which can be completed by the student at home or outside the classroom without the supervision of an instructor except accredited courses using new delivery technology, including interactive technology, and the Internet. The commissioner may approve courses of study in the real estate field offered in educational institutions of higher learning in this state or courses of study in the real estate field developed by and offered under the auspices of the National Association of Realtors, its affiliates, or private real estate schools. Courses in motivation, salesmanship, psychology, or time management shall not be approved by the commissioner for continuing education credit. The commissioner may approve courses in any other subjects, including, but not limited to, communication, marketing, negotiation, and technology for continuing education credit.

(c) As part of the continuing education requirements of this section and sections 82.58, subdivisions 5 and 6; 82.59; 82.62, subdivisions 1 and 5 to 7; and 82.64, the commissioner shall require that all real estate brokers and salespersons receive:

(1) at least one hour of training during each license period in courses in laws or regulations on agency representation and disclosure; and

(2) at least one hour of training during each license period in courses in state and federal fair housing laws, regulations, and rules, other antidiscrimination laws, or courses designed to help licensees to meet the housing needs of immigrant and other underserved populations.

Clauses (1) and (2) do not apply to real estate salespersons and real estate brokers engaged solely in the commercial real estate business who file with the commissioner a verification of this status.

(d) The commissioner is authorized to establish a procedure for renewal of course accreditation.

(e) Approved continuing education courses may be sponsored or offered by a broker of a real estate company and may be held on the premises of a company licensed under this chapter. All continuing education course offerings must be open to any interested individuals. Access may be restricted by the education provider based on class size only. Courses must not be approved if attendance is restricted to any particular group of people. A broker must comply with all continuing education rules prescribed by the commissioner. The commissioner shall not approve any prelicense instruction courses offered by, sponsored by, or affiliated with any person or company licensed to engage in the real estate business.

(f) Credit may not be earned if the licensee has previously obtained credit for the same course as either a student or instructor during the same licensing period.

(g) An approved prelicense 30-hour broker course may be used for continuing education credit by a real estate salesperson or broker if the course is completed during the appropriate licensing period.

(h) As part of the continuing education requirements of this section and section 82.64, the commissioner shall require that all real estate brokers and salespersons receive either 3.75 or 7.5 hours of module training every license year within the 30 hours of continuing education required during each two-year license period. For each license year, the commissioner shall determine what modules are required. The modules must cover topics in real estate that are significant and are of current interest in the real estate market and profession. The commissioner shall determine the specific topics to be covered by modules for each license year and the number of credit hours allocated to each module. In determining the topics and number of credit hours, the commissioner shall consult with a statewide real estate trade association and a statewide private continuing education provider. When the commissioner has created a module, the commissioner must publicize to licensees and to real estate continuing education providers an outline of the topics covered by the module, and the credits associated with it, no later than April 1 of each year. The commissioner may delegate the module and test development, subject to the commissioner's approval, to a statewide real estate trade association. Credit for each module must be contingent upon the licensee's successful completion of it, established by testing of the licensee's knowledge of the content covered by the module, based upon written test questions approved by the commissioner as described in paragraph (k). Modules determined under this paragraph may be offered by any person permitted to offer real estate continuing education in this state. Notwithstanding paragraph (c), the commissioner has discretion to determine that the requirements of the module satisfy, in whole or in part, the requirements of paragraph (c) for a licensing period in which the module will be offered.

(i) The 30 hours of continuing education per license period for real estate brokers must include a module, designed under the procedure provided in paragraph (i), of at least one hour each license year specifically designed to address issues relevant to brokers.

(j) The written test for successful completion of a module offered by a continuing education provider must be comprised of questions selected by that provider from a pool of test questions designed and approved by the commissioner. The test must be a written test, in paper or electronic form, taken by the licensee at the conclusion of the module as a part of the credit hours devoted to the module, but the test must not be allocated credit of more than one-sixth of the time allocated to the module. The provider must prepare, administer, score, and pay any costs related to the tests. The commissioner shall determine the number of questions that must be included in a test and the percentage of questions that must be answered correctly. The provider may contract with a third party for scoring of the test. A licensee must be allowed to remain as long as reasonably necessary to complete the test.

(k) Paragraphs (h), (i), and (j) do not apply to commercial salespersons and commercial brokers engaged solely in the commercial real estate business and who file with the commissioner a verification of this status.

(l) Determinations made by the commissioner under paragraphs (h), (i), and (j) are not rules for purposes of chapter 14.

82.62 LICENSING: RENEWAL.

Subdivision 1.Duration. The renewal of a salesperson's license is not effective beyond a date two years after the granting of the salesperson's license unless the salesperson has furnished evidence of compliance with section 82.61. The commissioner shall cancel the license of a salesperson who fails to comply with section 82.61.

Subd. 2.Broker's responsibility. (a) A broker shall renew the license of each eligible salesperson who is and will continue to be associated with the broker. For the purposes of this subdivision, an eligible salesperson is one who has demonstrated compliance with all renewal requirements before June 15 of the renewal year.

(b) When a broker does not intend to renew the license of an eligible salesperson who is associated with the broker, the broker must notify the salesperson in writing 30 days before June 15 of the renewal year.

(c) When the broker responsible for the salesperson's license renewal does not renew an eligible salesperson's license before the renewal deadline, the broker shall pay on the salesperson's behalf any additional higher license fees that result.

Subd. 3.Timely renewals. A person who has not received notice of approval of renewal may not continue to transact business either as a real estate broker, salesperson, or closing agent after June 30 of the renewal year until approval of renewal is received. Application for renewal of a license is timely submitted if all requirements for renewal, including continuing education requirements, have been completed and reported pursuant to section 45.43, subdivision 1.

Subd. 4.Failure to renew. Persons who have failed to make a timely application for renewal of a license and who have not received the renewal license as of July 1 of the renewal year, shall be unlicensed until such time as the license has been issued by the commissioner and is received.

Subd. 5.Renewal; examination. Except as provided in section 82.59, subdivision 7, and in section 82.61, paragraphs (i), (j), and (k), no examination shall be required for the renewal of any license, provided, however, any licensee having been licensed as a broker or salesperson in the state of Minnesota and who shall fail to renew the license for a period of two years shall be required by the commissioner to again take an examination.

Subd. 6.Failure to renew license. If a license lapses or becomes ineffective due to the licensee's failure to file a timely renewal application or otherwise, the commissioner may institute a revocation or suspension proceeding within two years after the license was last effective and enter a revocation or suspension order as of the last date on which the license was in effect.

Subd. 6a.Commissioner discretion to reinstate license. For individuals who were licensed as a broker prior to 1990, the commissioner may enter into an order to reinstate a license revoked or suspended for a failure to renew under subdivision 6, without necessity for reexamination or additional experience requirements, provided the individual submits payment for all prior past due renewal fees and demonstrates compliance with all continuing education requirements under section 82.61.

Subd. 7.Reinstatement of canceled salesperson's or broker's license. A salesperson's or broker's license that has been canceled for failure of a licensee to complete postlicensing education requirements shall be reinstated without reexamination by completing the required instruction, submitting an application, and paying the fee for a salesperson's or broker's license within two years of the cancellation date.

82.63 LICENSING; OTHER REQUIREMENTS.

Subdivision 1.Generally. The commissioner shall issue a license as a real estate broker or real estate salesperson to any person who qualifies for the license under the terms of this chapter.

Subd. 2.Additional broker's license. An individual who holds a broker's license in the broker's own name or for or on behalf of a business entity must be issued an additional broker's license only upon demonstrating:

(1) that the additional license is necessary in order to serve a legitimate business purpose;

(2) that the broker will be capable of supervising all salespersons over whom the broker will have supervisory responsibility or, in the alternative, that the broker will have no supervisory responsibilities under the additional license; and

(3) that the broker:

(i) has at least 51 percent ownership interest in each business entity for or on whose behalf the broker holds or will hold a broker's license; or

(ii) is an elected or appointed officer, signing partner, or managing member of both the business entity for which or on whose behalf the broker already holds a license, and an affiliated business entity for which or on whose behalf the broker is applying for an additional license.

For the purpose of this section and sections 82.58, subdivisions 1 to 4; 82.62, subdivisions 1 to 4; 82.65; and 82.82, subdivision 2, "affiliated business entity" means a business entity that is majority-owned by the same persons as the business entity for which or on whose behalf the broker is already licensed to act.

For the purposes of this section and sections 82.58, subdivisions 1 to 4; 82.62, subdivisions 1 to 4; 82.65; and 82.82, subdivision 2, a legitimate business purpose includes engaging in a different and specialized area of real estate or maintaining an existing business name.

Subd. 3.Responsibility. Each broker shall be responsible for the acts of any and all of the broker's sales people and closing agents while acting as agents on the broker's behalf. Each officer of a limited liability company or corporation or partner in a partnership or limited liability partnership licensed as a broker shall have the same responsibility under this chapter as a corporate or partnership broker with regard to the acts of the salespeople and closing agents acting on behalf of the limited liability company, corporation, partnership, or limited liability partnership.

Subd. 4.Issuance of license; salesperson. A salesperson must be licensed to act on behalf of a licensed broker and may not be licensed to act on behalf of more than one broker in this state during the same period of time.

Subd. 5.Effective date of license. A license renewed pursuant to this chapter is valid for a period of 24 months. A new license issued during a 24-month licensing period will expire on June 30 of the expiration year assigned to the license.

Subd. 6.Terminations; transfers. When a salesperson terminates activity on behalf of a broker, the salesperson's license shall be ineffective. Within ten days of the termination the broker shall notify the commissioner in the form prescribed by the commissioner. The salesperson may apply for transfer of the license to active status with another broker at any time during the remainder of the license period. If an application for transfer is not made within the license period, the commissioner shall require that an application for a new license be filed.

Subd. 7. [Repealed, 2014 c 222 art 1 s 58]

Subd. 8. [Repealed, 2014 c 222 art 1 s 58]

Subd. 9. [Repealed, 2014 c 222 art 1 s 58]

Subd. 10. [Repealed, 2014 c 222 art 1 s 58]

Subd. 11.Nonresidents. A nonresident of Minnesota may be licensed as a real estate broker, real estate salesperson, or a real estate closing agent upon compliance with all provisions of this chapter.

Subd. 12.Temporary broker's permit. In the event of death, incapacity, or loss of license of a broker, the commissioner may issue a 45-day temporary permit to an individual who has had a minimum of three years actual experience as a licensed real estate salesperson and who is otherwise reasonably qualified to act as a broker. Upon application prior to its expiration, the 45-day temporary permit shall be renewed once by the commissioner if the applicant demonstrates that he or she has made a good faith effort to obtain a broker's license within the preceding 45 days and an extension of time will not harm the public interest.

Only those salespersons licensed to the deceased or incapacitated broker at the time of death or incapacity may conduct business for or on behalf of the person to whom the temporary broker's license was issued.

Subd. 13.Limited broker's license. The commissioner shall have the authority to issue a limited real estate broker's license authorizing the following limited activities:

(1) the licensee to engage in transactions as principal only; or

(2) the licensee to engage in negotiations of mortgage loans, other than residential mortgage loans, as described in section 82.55, subdivision 19, clause (b).

The license may be issued only after receipt of the application described in section 82.58, subdivision 2, and payment of the fee prescribed by section 82.57, subdivision 1. A salesperson may not be licensed to act on behalf of an individual holding a limited broker's license. A responsible person of a business entity licensed as a limited broker may act on behalf of that business entity without being subject to the licensing requirements.

Subd. 14.Licenses; extending duration. Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision 5 and section 82.62, subdivisions 3 and 4, the commissioner may institute a system by rule pursuant to chapter 14 to provide three-year licenses from the date of issuance for any license prescribed by this section and sections 82.58, subdivisions 1 to 4; 82.62, subdivisions 1 to 4; 82.65; and 82.82, subdivision 2.

Subd. 15.Withdrawal of license or application. A licensee or license applicant may at any time file with the commissioner a request to withdraw from the status of licensee or to withdraw a pending license application. Withdrawal from the status of licensee or withdrawal of the license application becomes effective 30 days after receipt of a request to withdraw or within a shorter period the commissioner determines unless a revocation, suspension, or denial proceeding is pending when the request to withdraw is filed or a proceeding to revoke, suspend, deny, or to impose conditions upon the withdrawal is instituted within 30 days after the request to withdraw is filed. If a proceeding is pending or instituted, withdrawal becomes effective at the time and upon the conditions the commissioner determines by order. If no proceeding is pending or instituted and withdrawal automatically becomes effective, the commissioner may institute a revocation or suspension proceeding within one year after withdrawal became effective and enter a revocation or suspension order as of the last date on which the license was in effect.

82.64 RECIPROCITY.

The requirements of sections 82.59, subdivision 8, and 82.61 may be waived for individuals of other jurisdictions, provided: (1) a written reciprocal licensing agreement is in effect between the commissioner and the licensing officials of that jurisdiction, (2) the individual is licensed in good standing in that jurisdiction, and (3) the licensing requirements of that jurisdiction are substantially similar to the provisions of this chapter.

82.641 REAL ESTATE CLOSING AGENT LICENSING.

Subdivision 1.License required. Except as otherwise provided in subdivision 6, a person shall not act as a real estate closing agent unless licensed as provided in this section. The commissioner shall issue a license as a closing agent to a person who qualifies for the license under the terms of this chapter.

Subd. 2.Qualification of applicants. An applicant for a real estate closing agent license must be at least 18 years of age at the time of making application for the license.

Subd. 3.Application for license; contents. (a) An applicant for a real estate closing agent license shall make an application in the format prescribed by the commissioner. The application must be accompanied by the license fee required by this chapter.

(b) An application for a real estate closing agent license must contain the information required by the commissioner consistent with this chapter.

(c) An application for a real estate closing agent license shall give the applicant's legal name, age, residence address, and the name and place of business of the closing agent.

(d) The commissioner may require further information the commissioner considers appropriate to administer this chapter.

Subd. 4.Instruction. An applicant for a real estate closing agent's license must successfully complete a course of study relating to closing services consisting of eight hours of instruction approved by the commissioner.

Subd. 5.Change of application information. The commissioner must be notified in the format prescribed by the commissioner of a change of information contained in the license application on file with the commissioner within ten days of the change.

Subd. 6.Exemption. The following persons, when acting as closing agents, are exempt from the requirements of this section and sections 82.75 and 82.81 unless otherwise required in this chapter:

(1) a direct employee of a title insurer authorized to do business in this state, or a direct employee of a title insurance agent, or a person who has an agency agreement with a title insurer or a title insurance agent in which the agent agrees to perform closing services on the title insurer's or title insurance agent's behalf and the title insurer or title insurance agent assumes responsibility for the actions of the agent as if the agent were a direct employee of the title insurer or title insurance agent;

(2) a licensed attorney or a direct employee of a licensed attorney;

(3) a licensed real estate broker or salesperson;

(4) a direct employee of a licensed real estate broker if the broker maintains all funds received in connection with the closing services in the broker's trust account;

(5) a bank, trust company, savings association, credit union, industrial loan and thrift company, regulated lender under chapter 56, public utility, or land mortgage or farm loan association organized under the laws of this state or the United States, when engaged in the transaction of businesses within the scope of its corporate powers as provided by law;

(6) a title insurer authorized to do business in this state; and

(7) a title insurance agent that has a contractual agency relationship with a title insurer authorized to do business in this state, where the title insurer assumes responsibility for the actions of the title insurance agent and its employees or agents as if they were employees or agents of the title insurer.

82.65 NOTICE TO COMMISSIONER.

Subdivision 1.Change of application information. Notice in writing or in the format prescribed by the commissioner shall be given to the commissioner by a licensee of any change of information contained in the license application on file with the commissioner, including but not limited to personal name, trade name, address, or business location not later than ten days after the change.

Subd. 2.Mandatory. The licensee shall notify the commissioner in writing or in the format prescribed by the commissioner within ten days of the facts in subdivisions 3 to 5.

Subd. 3.Civil judgment. The licensee must notify the commissioner in writing of a final adverse decision or order of a court, whether or not the decision or order is appealed, regarding any proceeding in which the licensee was named as a defendant, and which alleged fraud, misrepresentation, or the conversion of funds, if the final adverse decision relates to the allegations of fraud, misrepresentation, or the conversion of funds.

Subd. 4.Disciplinary action. The licensee must notify the commissioner in writing of the suspension or revocation of the licensee's real estate or other occupational license issued by this state or another jurisdiction.

Subd. 5.Criminal offense. The licensee must notify the commissioner in writing if the licensee is charged with, adjudged guilty of, or enters a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to a charge of any felony, or of any gross misdemeanor alleging fraud, misrepresentation, conversion of funds, or a similar violation of any real estate licensing law.

82.66 CONTRACTS.

Subdivision 1.Listing agreements. (a) Requirement. Licensees shall obtain a signed listing agreement or other signed written authorization from the owner of real property or from another person authorized to offer the property for sale or lease before advertising to the general public that the real property is available for sale or lease.

For the purposes of this section "advertising" includes placing a sign on the owner's property that indicates that the property is being offered for sale or lease.

(b) Contents. All listing agreements must be in writing and must include:

(1) a definite expiration date;

(2) a description of the real property involved;

(3) the list price and any terms required by the seller;

(4) the amount of any compensation or commission or the basis for computing the commission;

(5) a clear statement explaining the events or conditions that will entitle a broker to a commission;

(6) a clear statement explaining if the agreement may be canceled and the terms under which the agreement may be canceled;

(7) information regarding an override clause, if applicable, including a statement to the effect that the override clause will not be effective unless the licensee supplies the seller with a protective list within 72 hours after the expiration of the listing agreement;

(8) the following notice in not less than ten-point boldface type immediately preceding any provision of the listing agreement relating to compensation of the licensee:

"NOTICE: THE COMPENSATION FOR THE SALE, LEASE, RENTAL, OR MANAGEMENT OF REAL PROPERTY SHALL BE DETERMINED BETWEEN EACH INDIVIDUAL BROKER AND THE BROKER'S CLIENT.";

(9) for residential property listings, the following "dual agency" disclosure statement:

If a buyer represented by broker wishes to buy the seller's property, a dual agency will be created. This means that broker will represent both the seller(s) and the buyer(s), and owe the same duties to the buyer(s) that broker owes to the seller(s). This conflict of interest will prohibit broker from advocating exclusively on the seller's behalf. Dual agency will limit the level of representation broker can provide. If a dual agency should arise, the seller(s) will need to agree that confidential information about price, terms, and motivation will still be kept confidential unless the seller(s) instruct broker in writing to disclose specific information about the seller(s). All other information will be shared. Broker cannot act as a dual agent unless both the seller(s) and the buyer(s) agree to it. By agreeing to a possible dual agency, the seller(s) will be giving up the right to exclusive representation in an in-house transaction. However, if the seller(s) should decide not to agree to a possible dual agency, and the seller(s) want broker to represent the seller(s), the seller(s) may give up the opportunity to sell the property to buyers represented by broker.

Seller's Instructions to Broker

Having read and understood this information about dual agency, seller(s) now instructs broker as follows:

Seller(s) will agree to a dual agency representation and will consider offers made by buyers represented by broker.

Seller(s) will not agree to a dual agency representation and will not consider offers made by buyers represented by broker.

Seller:

Real Estate Company Name:

Salesperson:

Date:

(10) a notice requiring the seller to indicate in writing whether it is acceptable to the seller to have the licensee arrange for closing services or whether the seller wishes to arrange for others to conduct the closing; and

(11) for residential listings, a notice stating that after the expiration of the listing agreement, the seller will not be obligated to pay the licensee a fee or commission if the seller has executed another valid listing agreement pursuant to which the seller is obligated to pay a fee or commission to another licensee for the sale, lease, or exchange of the real property in question. This notice may be used in the listing agreement for any other type of real estate.

(c) Prohibited provisions. Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (d), clause (2), licensees shall not include in a listing agreement a holdover clause, automatic extension, or any similar provision, or an override clause the length of which is more than six months after the expiration of the listing agreement.

(d) Override clauses. (1) Licensees shall not seek to enforce an override clause unless a protective list has been furnished to the seller within 72 hours after the expiration of the listing agreement.

(2) A listing agreement may contain an override clause of up to two years in length when used in conjunction with the purchase or sale of a business. The length of the override clause must be negotiable between the licensee and the seller of the business. The protective list provided in connection with the override clause must include the written acknowledgment of each party named on the protective list, that the business which is the subject of the listing agreement was presented to that party by the licensee.

(e) Protective lists. A broker or salesperson has the burden of demonstrating that each person on the protective list has, during the period of the listing agreement, either made an affirmative showing of interest in the property by responding to an advertisement or by contacting the broker or salesperson involved or has been physically shown the property by the broker or salesperson. For the purpose of this section, the mere mailing or other distribution by a licensee of literature setting forth information about the property in question does not, of itself, constitute an affirmative showing of interest in the property on the part of a subsequent purchaser.

For listings of nonresidential real property which do not contain the notice described in paragraph (b), clause (11), the protective list must contain the following notice in boldface type:

"IF YOU RELIST WITH ANOTHER BROKER WITHIN THE OVERRIDE PERIOD AND THEN SELL YOUR PROPERTY TO ANYONE WHOSE NAME APPEARS ON THIS LIST, YOU COULD BE LIABLE FOR FULL COMMISSIONS TO BOTH BROKERS. IF THIS NOTICE IS NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD, SEEK COMPETENT ADVICE."

Subd. 2.Buyer's broker agreements. (a) Requirements. Licensees shall obtain a signed buyer's broker agreement from a buyer before performing any acts as a buyer's representative.

(b) Contents. All buyer's broker agreements must be in writing and must include:

(1) a definite expiration date;

(2) the amount of any compensation or commission, or the basis for computing the commission;

(3) a clear statement explaining the services to be provided to the buyer by the broker, and the events or conditions that will entitle a broker to a commission or other compensation;

(4) a clear statement explaining if the agreement may be canceled and the terms under which the agreement may be canceled;

(5) information regarding an override clause, if applicable, including a statement to the effect that the override clause will not be effective unless the licensee supplies the buyer with a protective list within 72 hours after the expiration of the buyer's broker agreement;

(6) the following notice in not less than ten-point boldface type immediately preceding any provision of the buyer's broker agreement relating to compensation of the licensee:

"NOTICE: THE COMPENSATION FOR THE PURCHASE, LEASE, RENTAL, OR MANAGEMENT OF REAL PROPERTY SHALL BE DETERMINED BETWEEN EACH INDIVIDUAL BROKER AND THE BROKER'S CLIENT.";

(7) the following "dual agency" disclosure statement:

If the buyer(s) choose(s) to purchase a property listed by broker, a dual agency will be created. This means that broker will represent both the buyer(s) and the seller(s), and owe the same duties to the seller(s) that broker owes to the buyer(s). This conflict of interest will prohibit broker from advocating exclusively on the buyer's behalf. Dual agency will limit the level of representation broker can provide. If a dual agency should arise, the buyer(s) will need to agree that confidential information about price, terms, and motivation will still be kept confidential unless the buyer(s) instruct broker in writing to disclose specific information about the buyer(s). All other information will be shared. Broker cannot act as a dual agent unless both the buyer(s) and the seller(s) agree to it. By agreeing to a possible dual agency, the buyer(s) will be giving up the right to exclusive representation in an in-house transaction. However, if the buyer(s) should decide not to agree to a possible dual agency, and the buyer(s) want(s) broker to represent the buyer(s), the buyer(s) may give up the opportunity to purchase the properties listed by broker.

Buyer's Instructions to Broker

Buyer(s) will agree to a dual agency representation and will consider properties listed by broker.

Buyer(s) will not agree to a dual agency representation and will not consider properties listed by broker.

Buyer:

Real Estate Company Name:

Salesperson:

Date:

(8) for buyer's broker agreements which involve residential real property, a notice stating that after the expiration of the buyer's broker agreement, the buyer will not be obligated to pay the licensee a fee or commission if the buyer has executed another valid buyer's broker agreement pursuant to which the buyer is obligated to pay a fee or commission to another licensee for the purchase, lease, or exchange of real property.

(c) Prohibited provisions. Licensees shall not include in a buyer's broker agreement a holdover clause, automatic extension, or any other similar provision, or an override clause the length of which is more than six months after the expiration of the buyer's broker agreement.

(d) Override clauses. (1) Licensees shall not seek to enforce an override clause unless a protective list has been furnished to the buyer within 72 hours after the expiration of the buyer's broker agreement.

(2) A buyer's broker agreement may contain an override clause of up to two years in length when used in conjunction with the purchase or sale of a business. The length of the override clause must be negotiable between the licensee and the buyer of the business. The protective list provided in connection with the override clause must include the written acknowledgement of each party named on the protective list, that the business that is the subject of the buyer's broker agreement was presented to that party by the licensee.

(e) Protective lists. A licensee has the burden of demonstrating that each property on the protective list has been shown to the buyer, or specifically brought to the attention of the buyer, during the time the buyer's broker agreement was in effect.

(f) Application. This section applies only to residential real property transactions.

82.67 AGENCY DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS.

Subdivision 1.Agency disclosure. A real estate broker or salesperson shall provide to a consumer in the sale and purchase of a residential real property transaction at the first substantive contact with the consumer an agency disclosure form in substantially the form set forth in subdivision 3. The agency disclosure form shall be intended to provide a description of available options for agency and facilitator relationships, and a description of the role of a licensee under each option. The agency disclosure form shall provide a signature line for acknowledgment of receipt by the consumer. The disclosures required by this subdivision apply only to residential real property transactions.

Subd. 2.Scope and effect. Disclosures made in accordance with the requirements for disclosure of agency relationships set forth in this chapter are sufficient to satisfy common law disclosure requirements.

Subd. 3.Agency disclosure form. The agency disclosure form shall be in substantially the form set forth below:

AGENCY RELATIONSHIPS IN REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS

Minnesota law requires that early in any relationship, real estate brokers or salespersons discuss with consumers what type of agency representation or relationship they desire.(1) The available options are listed below. This is not a contract. This is an agency disclosure form only. If you desire representation, you must enter into a written contract according to state law (a listing contract or a buyer representation contract). Until such time as you choose to enter into a written contract for representation, you will be treated as a customer and will not receive any representation from the broker or salesperson. The broker or salesperson will be acting as a Facilitator (see paragraph IV below), unless the broker or salesperson is representing another party as described below.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT: I/We acknowledge that I/We have been presented with the below-described options. I/We understand that until I/We have signed a representation contract, I/We are not represented by the broker/salesperson. I/We understand that written consent is required for a dual agency relationship. THIS IS A DISCLOSURE ONLY, NOT A CONTRACT FOR REPRESENTATION.

Signature:

Date:

Signature:

Date:

Seller's Broker: A broker who lists a property, or a salesperson who is licensed to the listing broker, represents the Seller and acts on behalf of the Seller. A Seller's broker owes to the Seller the fiduciary duties described below.(2) The broker must also disclose to the Buyer material facts as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 82.68, subdivision 3, of which the broker is aware that could adversely and significantly affect the Buyer's use or enjoyment of the property. If a broker or salesperson working with a Buyer as a customer is representing the Seller, he or she must act in the Seller's best interest and must tell the Seller any information disclosed to him or her, except confidential information acquired in a facilitator relationship (see paragraph IV below). In that case, the Buyer will not be represented and will not receive advice and counsel from the broker or salesperson.

II.

Buyer's Broker: A Buyer may enter into an agreement for the broker or salesperson to represent and act on behalf of the Buyer. The broker may represent the Buyer only, and not the Seller, even if he or she is being paid in whole or in part by the Seller. A Buyer's broker owes to the Buyer the fiduciary duties described below.(2) The broker must disclose to the Buyer material facts as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 82.68, subdivision 3, of which the broker is aware that could adversely and significantly affect the Buyer's use or enjoyment of the property. If a broker or salesperson working with a Seller as a customer is representing the Buyer, he or she must act in the Buyer's best interest and must tell the Buyer any information disclosed to him or her, except confidential information acquired in a facilitator relationship (see paragraph IV below). In that case, the Seller will not be represented and will not receive advice and counsel from the broker or salesperson.

III.

Dual Agency-Broker Representing both Seller and Buyer: Dual agency occurs when one broker or salesperson represents both parties to a transaction, or when two salespersons licensed to the same broker each represent a party to the transaction. Dual agency requires the informed consent of all parties, and means that the broker and salesperson owe the same duties to the Seller and the Buyer. This role limits the level of representation the broker and salespersons can provide, and prohibits them from acting exclusively for either party. In a dual agency, confidential information about price, terms, and motivation for pursuing a transaction will be kept confidential unless one party instructs the broker or salesperson in writing to disclose specific information about him or her. Other information will be shared. Dual agents may not advocate for one party to the detriment of the other.(3)

Within the limitations described above, dual agents owe to both Seller and Buyer the fiduciary duties described below.(2) Dual agents must disclose to Buyers material facts as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 82.68, subdivision 3, of which the broker is aware that could adversely and significantly affect the Buyer's use or enjoyment of the property.

IV.

Facilitator: A broker or salesperson who performs services for a Buyer, a Seller, or both but does not represent either in a fiduciary capacity as a Buyer's Broker, Seller's Broker, or Dual Agent. THE FACILITATOR BROKER OR SALESPERSON DOES NOT OWE ANY PARTY ANY OF THE FIDUCIARY DUTIES LISTED BELOW, EXCEPT CONFIDENTIALITY, UNLESS THOSE DUTIES ARE INCLUDED IN A WRITTEN FACILITATOR SERVICES AGREEMENT. The facilitator broker or salesperson owes the duty of confidentiality to the party but owes no other duty to the party except those duties required by law or contained in a written facilitator services agreement, if any. In the event a facilitator broker or salesperson, working with a Buyer, shows a property listed by the facilitator broker or salesperson, then the facilitator broker or salesperson must act as a Seller's Broker (see paragraph I above). In the event a facilitator broker or salesperson, working with a Seller, accepts a showing of the property by a Buyer being represented by the facilitator broker or salesperson, then the facilitator broker or salesperson must act as a Buyer's Broker (see paragraph III above).

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(1) This disclosure is required by law in any transaction involving property occupied or intended to be occupied by one to four families as their residence.

(2) The fiduciary duties mentioned above are listed below and have the following meanings:

Loyalty-broker/salesperson will act only in client(s)' best interest.

Obedience-broker/salesperson will carry out all client(s)' lawful instructions.

Disclosure-broker/salesperson will disclose to client(s) all material facts of which broker/salesperson has knowledge which might reasonably affect the client's use and enjoyment of the property.

Confidentiality-broker/salesperson will keep client(s)' confidences unless required by law to disclose specific information (such as disclosure of material facts to Buyers).

Reasonable Care-broker/salesperson will use reasonable care in performing duties as an agent.

Accounting-broker/salesperson will account to client(s) for all client(s)' money and property received as agent.

(3) If Seller(s) elect(s) not to agree to a dual agency relationship, Seller(s) may give up the opportunity to sell the property to Buyers represented by the broker/salesperson. If Buyer(s) elect(s) not to agree to a dual agency relationship, Buyer(s) may give up the opportunity to purchase properties listed by the broker.

Subd. 4.Creation of dual agency. If circumstances create a dual agency situation, the broker must make full disclosure to all parties to the transaction as to the change in relationship of the parties to the broker due to dual agency. A broker, having made full disclosure, must obtain the consent of all parties to these circumstances in residential real property transactions in the purchase agreement in the form set forth below which shall be set off in a boxed format to draw attention to it:

Broker represents both the seller(s) and the buyer(s) of the property involved in this transaction, which creates a dual agency. This means that broker and its salespersons owe fiduciary duties to both seller(s) and buyer(s). Because the parties may have conflicting interests, broker and its salespersons are prohibited from advocating exclusively for either party. Broker cannot act as a dual agent in this transaction without the consent of both seller(s) and buyer(s).

Seller(s) and buyer(s) acknowledge that:

(1) confidential information communicated to broker which regards price, terms, or motivation to buy or sell will remain confidential unless seller(s) or buyer(s) instruct(s) broker in writing to disclose this information. Other information will be shared;

(2) broker and its salespersons will not represent the interests of either party to the detriment of the other; and

(3) within the limits of dual agency, broker and its salespersons will work diligently to facilitate the mechanics of the sale.

With the knowledge and understanding of the explanation above, seller(s) and buyer(s) authorize(s) and instruct(s) broker and its salespersons to act as dual agents in this transaction.

Seller:

Date:

Buyer:

Date:

82.68 OTHER DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS.

Subdivision 1.Agent of broker disclosure. A salesperson shall only conduct business under the licensed name of and on behalf of the broker to whom the salesperson is licensed. An individual broker shall only conduct business under the brokerage's licensed name. A broker licensed to a business entity shall only conduct business under the licensed business entity name. A licensee shall affirmatively disclose, before the negotiation or consummation of any transaction, the licensed name of the brokerage under whom the licensee is authorized to conduct business according to this section.

Subd. 2.Financial interests disclosure; licensee. (a) Before the negotiation or consummation of any transaction, a licensee shall affirmatively disclose to the owner of real property that the licensee is a real estate broker or agent salesperson, and in what capacity the licensee is acting, if the licensee directly, or indirectly through a third party, purchases for himself or herself or acquires, or intends to acquire, any interest in, or any option to purchase, the owner's property.

(b) When a principal in the transaction is a licensee or a relative or business associate of the licensee, that fact must be disclosed in writing before negotiating or consummating any transaction.

Subd. 3.Material facts. (a) A licensee shall disclose to a prospective purchaser all material facts of which the licensee is aware, which could adversely and significantly affect an ordinary purchaser's use or enjoyment of the property, or any intended use of the property of which the licensee is aware.

(b) It is not a material fact relating to real property offered for sale the fact or suspicion that the property:

(1) is or was occupied by an owner or occupant who is or was suspected to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus or diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome;

(2) was the site of a suicide, accidental death, natural death, or perceived paranormal activity; or

(3) is located in a neighborhood containing any adult family home, community-based residential facility, or nursing home.

(c) A licensee or employee of the licensee has no duty to disclose information regarding an offender who is required to register under section 243.166, or about whom notification is made under that section, if the broker or salesperson, in a timely manner, provides a written notice that information about the predatory offender registry and persons registered with the registry may be obtained by contacting local law enforcement where the property is located or the Department of Corrections.

(d) A licensee or employee of the licensee has no duty to disclose information regarding airport zoning regulations if the broker or salesperson, in a timely manner, provides a written notice that a copy of the airport zoning regulations as adopted can be reviewed or obtained at the office of the county recorder where the zoned area is located.

(e) A licensee is not required to disclose, except as otherwise provided in paragraph (f), information relating to the physical condition of the property or any other information relating to the real estate transaction, if a written report that discloses the information has been prepared by a qualified third party and provided to the person. For the purposes of this paragraph, "qualified third party" means a federal, state, or local governmental agency, or any person whom the broker, salesperson, or a party to the real estate transaction reasonably believes has the expertise necessary to meet the industry standards of practice for the type of inspection or investigation that has been conducted by the third party in order to prepare the written report and who is acceptable to the person to whom the disclosure is being made.

(f) A licensee shall disclose to the parties to a real estate transaction any facts known by the broker or salesperson that contradict any information included in a written report described in paragraph (e), if a copy of the report is provided to the licensee.

(g) The limitation on disclosures in this subdivision shall modify any common law duties with respect to disclosure of material facts.

Subd. 4.Nonperformance of party. If a licensee is put on notice by a party to a real estate transaction that the party will not perform according to the terms of a purchase agreement or other similar written agreement to convey real estate, the licensee shall immediately disclose the fact of that party's intent not to perform to the other party or parties to the transaction. The licensee shall, if reasonably possible, inform the party who will not perform of the licensee's obligation to disclose this fact to the other party or parties to the transaction before making the disclosure. The obligation required by this section does not apply to notice of a party's inability to keep or fulfill any contingency to which the real estate transaction has been made subject.

82.69 ADVERTISING REQUIREMENTS.

(a) Any advertising by a licensee must clearly and conspicuously display the real estate brokerage name.

(b) If a salesperson or broker is part of a team or group within the brokerage, the licensee may include the team or group name in the advertising only under the following conditions:

(1) the inclusion of the team or group name is authorized by the primary broker of the brokerage to which the salesperson or broker is licensed; and

(2) the real estate brokerage name must be clearly and conspicuously displayed in the advertising.

82.70 COMPENSATION.

Subdivision 1.Licensee to receive only from, or authorized by, broker. Unless authorized in writing by the real estate broker to whom the licensee is licensed or to whom the licensee was licensed at the time of the transaction, a licensee shall not pay and a licensee shall not accept a commission, compensation, referral fee, BPO fee, or other valuable consideration for the performance of any acts requiring a real estate license from any person except the real estate broker to whom the licensee is licensed or to whom the licensee was licensed at the time of the transaction.

Subd. 2.Commission-splitting, rebates, referral fee, and fees. (a) In connection with a real estate or business opportunity transaction, a real estate broker or real estate salesperson shall not offer, pay, or give, and a person shall not accept, any compensation or other thing of value from a real estate broker or real estate salesperson by way of commission-splitting, rebate, referral fees, finder's fees, or otherwise.

(b) This subdivision does not apply to transactions:

(1) between a licensed real estate broker or salesperson and the parties to the transaction;

(2) among persons licensed as provided in this chapter;

(3) between a licensed real estate broker or salesperson and persons from other jurisdictions similarly licensed in that jurisdiction;

(4) involving timeshare or other recreational lands where the amount offered or paid does not exceed $150, and payment is not conditioned upon any sale but is made merely for providing the referral and the person paying the fee is bound by any representations made by the person receiving the fee; and

(5) involving a person who receives a referral fee from a person or an agent of a person licensed under this section, provided that in any 12-month period, no recipient may earn more than the value of one month's rent, that the recipient is a resident of the property or has lived there within 60 days of the payment of the fee, and that the person paying the fee is bound by any representations made by the recipient of the fee.

Subd. 3.Undisclosed compensation. A licensee shall not accept, give, or charge any undisclosed compensation or realize any direct or indirect remuneration that inures to the benefit of the licensee on an expenditure made for a principal.

Subd. 4.Sharing of compensation with other brokers. The seller may, in the listing agreement, authorize the seller's broker to disburse part of the broker's compensation to other brokers, including the buyer's brokers solely representing the buyer.

Subd. 5.Directing payment of compensation. A licensed real estate broker or salesperson may assign or direct that commissions or other compensation earned in connection with a real estate or business opportunity transaction be paid to a corporation, limited liability company, or sole proprietorship of which the licensed real estate broker or salesperson is the sole owner. "Sole owner" in this subdivision means the licensed real estate broker or salesperson and may include the licensed real estate broker's or salesperson's spouse.

Subd. 6.Closing agent fee. A real estate closing agent may not charge a fee for closing services to a borrower, and a borrower may not be required to pay such a fee at settlement, if the fee was not previously disclosed in writing at least one business day before the settlement. This disclosure requirement is satisfied if a disclosure is made or an estimate given under section 507.45.

82.71 NEGOTIATIONS.

Subdivision 1.Written offers. All written offers to purchase or lease shall be promptly submitted in writing to the seller or lessor.

Subd. 2.Nondisclosure of terms of offer. A licensee shall not disclose the terms of an offer to another prospective buyer or the licensee representing or assisting the buyer prior to the presentation of the offer to the seller.

Subd. 3.Closing costs. Licensees shall disclose to a buyer or a seller at or before the time an offer is written or presented that the buyer or seller may be required to pay certain closing costs, which may effectively reduce the proceeds from the sale or increase the cash outlay at closing.

Subd. 4.Required documents. Licensees shall furnish to the parties to the transaction at the time the documents are signed or become available a true and accurate copy of listing agreements, earnest money receipts, purchase agreements, contracts for deed, option agreements, closing statements, truth-in-housing forms, energy audits, and any other record, instrument, or document that is material to the transaction and that is in the licensee's possession.

Subd. 5.Closing statement. The listing broker or his or her designee if acting as the transaction closing agent shall deliver to the seller, at the time of closing, a complete and detailed closing statement setting forth all of the receipts and disbursements handled by the broker for the seller. The listing broker if acting as the transaction closing agent shall also deliver to the buyer, at the time of closing, a complete and detailed statement setting forth the disposition of all money received in the transaction from the buyer.

82.72 RECORDS.

Subdivision 1.Delivery. Each real estate broker, real estate salesperson, or closing agent shall furnish parties to a transaction a true and accurate copy of any document pertaining to their interests as the commissioner through appropriate rules may require.

Subd. 2.Examination of records. The commissioner may make examinations within or outside of this state of each broker's or closing agent's records at such reasonable time and in such scope as is necessary to enforce the provisions of this chapter.

Subd. 3.Retention. A licensed real estate broker shall retain for six years copies of all listings, buyer representation and facilitator services contracts, deposit receipts, purchase money contracts, canceled checks, trust account records, and such other documents as may reasonably be related to carrying on a real estate brokerage business. The retention period shall run from the date of the closing of the transaction, or from the date of the document if the transaction is not consummated. The following documents need not be retained:

(1) agency disclosure forms provided to prospective buyers or sellers, where no contractual relationship is subsequently created and no services are provided by the licensee; and

(2) facilitator services contracts or buyer representation contracts entered into with prospective buyers, where the prospective buyer abandons the contractual relationship before any services have been provided by the licensee.

Subd. 4.Storage. Storage of documents identified in subdivision 3 may be by electronic means.

Subd. 5.Destruction. After the retention period specified in subdivision 3 has elapsed and the broker no longer wishes to retain the documents, the broker must ensure that the documents are disposed of according to the confidential record destruction procedures of the Fair and Accurate Credit Transaction Act of 2003, Public Law 108-159.

82.73 STANDARDS OF CONDUCT.

Subdivision 1.Access to governing statutes and rules. Every real estate office and branch office shall have a current copy of this chapter and chapter 83 and the rules adopted under those chapters, available for the use of licensees. Access to the statutes and rules required by this section may be made available through an electronic agent.

Subd. 2.Penalty for noncompliance. The methods, acts, or practices set forth in subdivisions 1 and 3 and sections 82.67; 82.70; 82.71; 82.74; and 82.81, subdivision 10, are standards of conduct governing the activities of real estate brokers and salespersons. Failure to comply with these standards shall constitute grounds for license denial, suspension, or revocation, or for censure of the licensee.

Subd. 3.Responsibilities of brokers. (a) Supervision of personnel. A broker shall adequately supervise the activities of the broker's salespersons and employees. Supervision includes the ongoing monitoring of listing agreements, purchase agreements, other real estate-related documents which are prepared or drafted by the broker's salespersons or employees or which are otherwise received by the broker's office, and the review of all trust account books and records. If an individual broker maintains more than one place of business, each place of business shall be under the broker's direction and supervision. If a brokerage maintains more than one place of business, each place of business shall be under the direction and supervision of an individual broker licensed to act on behalf of the brokerage.

The primary broker shall maintain records specifying the name of each broker responsible for the direction and supervision of each place of business. If an individual broker, who may be the primary broker, is responsible for supervising more than one place of business, the primary broker shall, upon written request of the commissioner, file a written statement specifying the procedures which have been established to ensure that all salespersons and employees are adequately supervised. Designation of another broker to supervise a place of business does not relieve the primary broker of the ultimate responsibility for the actions of licensees.

(b) Preparation and safekeeping of documents. A broker is responsible for the preparation, custody, safety, and accuracy of all real estate contracts, documents, and records, even though another person may be assigned these duties by the broker.

(c) Documentation and resolution of complaints. A broker shall investigate and attempt to resolve complaints made regarding the practices of any individual licensed to the broker and shall maintain, with respect to each individual licensed to the broker, a complaint file containing all material relating to any complaints received in writing for a period of three years.

(d) Disclosure of listed property information. A broker may allow any unlicensed person, who is authorized by the broker, to disclose any factual information pertaining to the properties listed with the broker, if the factual information is provided to the unlicensed person in written form by the broker representing or assisting the seller(s).

(e) Property management functions for individually owned or entity-owned real estate. A broker shall not be responsible for supervising, nor shall the licensee be responsible for operating, within the scope of the brokerage or within the requirements of this chapter, activities that would be considered property management, including leasing, maintenance, and repair, so long as the real estate being managed is "individually owned" or "entity-owned" as defined below:

(1) "individually owned" real estate is real property in which the licensee holds an ownership interest; and

(2) "entity-owned" real estate is real property owned by a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, or trust, within which entity the licensee holds an ownership interest as an owner, trustee, partner, or officer, or in another beneficiary capacity.

82.735 BROKER PRICE OPINION; REQUIREMENTS; DUTIES OF LICENSEE; REGULATIONS.

Subdivision 1.Requirements. A person licensed under this chapter or chapter 82B may prepare and provide a broker price opinion and a broker may charge and collect a fee for it if the license of that licensee is active and in good standing.

Subd. 2.Duties of licensee. Notwithstanding any provision of the laws of this state to the contrary, a person licensed under this chapter or chapter 82B may prepare a broker price opinion for:

(1) an existing or potential seller for the purposes of listing and selling a parcel of real property;

(2) an existing or potential buyer of a parcel of real property;

(3) a third party making decisions or performing due diligence related to the potential listing, offering, sale, exchange, option, lease, or acquisition price of a parcel of real property when prepared as required by subdivision 3; or

(4) an existing or potential lienholder or other third party for any purpose other than as the primary basis to determine the value of a piece of property for the purpose of a loan origination of a residential mortgage loan secured by such piece of property, when done in conjunction with the purchase of a consumer's principal dwelling, when prepared as required by subdivision 3.

Subd. 3.Written report; requirement. (a) Unless the party requesting the opinion requires a specific report, a broker price opinion prepared for a party under subdivision 2, clause (3) or (4), must be in writing and contain the following:

(1) a statement of the intended purpose of the broker price opinion;

(2) a brief description of the subject property and property interest to be priced;

(3) the basis of reasoning used to reach the opinion on the price, including the applicable market data;

(4) any assumptions or limiting conditions;

(5) a disclosure of any existing or contemplated interest of the broker or salesperson issuing the opinion;

(6) the name of the broker or salesperson issuing the price opinion;

(7) the name of the real estate brokerage that the broker or salesperson is acting on behalf of;

(8) the date of the price opinion; and

(9) a disclaimer stating, "This opinion is not an appraisal of the market value of the property, and may not be used in lieu of an appraisal. If an appraisal is desired, the services of a licensed or certified appraiser must be obtained."

(b) A copy of the broker price opinion report required under this subdivision together with any supporting materials and documents used in its preparation shall be retained as required under section 82.72, subdivisions 3 and 4.

(c) A licensee may produce or transmit a broker price opinion report electronically to any person entitled to receive it.

82.74 GUARANTEED SALE PROGRAMS.

If a broker advertises or offers a guaranteed sale program, or other program whereby the broker undertakes to purchase real property in the event he or she is unable to effectuate a sale to a third party within a specified period of time, a written disclosure that sets forth clearly and completely the general terms and conditions under which the broker agrees to purchase the property and the disposition of any profit at the time of resale by the broker must be provided to the seller prior to the execution of a listing agreement.

82.75 TRUST ACCOUNT REQUIREMENTS.

Subdivision 1.Generally. All trust funds received by a broker or the broker's salespeople or closing agents shall be deposited, as provided in subdivision 5, in a trust account, maintained by the broker for such purpose in a bank, savings association, credit union, or an industrial loan and thrift company with deposit liabilities designated by the broker or closing agent, except as such money may be paid to one of the parties pursuant to express written agreement between the parties to a transaction. The depository bank shall be a Minnesota bank or trust company or any foreign bank and shall authorize the commissioner to examine its records of such deposits upon demand by the commissioner. The industrial loan and thrift company shall be organized under chapter 53. The savings association or credit union shall be organized under the laws of any state or the United States.

Subd. 2.Licensee acting as principal. A licensee acting in the capacity of principal in a real estate transaction where the seller retains any liability, contingent or otherwise, for the payment of an obligation on the property shall deposit in a Minnesota bank or trust company, any foreign bank which authorizes the commissioner to examine its records of the deposits, a savings association, credit union, or an industrial loan and thrift company organized under chapter 53 with deposit liabilities, in a trust account, those parts of all payments received on contracts that are necessary to meet any amounts concurrently due and payable on any existing mortgages, contracts for deed or other conveyancing instruments, and reserve for taxes and insurance or any other encumbrance on the receipts. The deposits must be maintained until disbursement is made under the terms of the encumbrance and proper accounting on the property made to the parties entitled to an accounting. The provisions of this subdivision relating to rental of interests in real estate apply only to residential property, except as provided in section 82.73, subdivision 3, paragraph (e).

Subd. 3.Nondepositable items. In the event earnest money or other down payments in a real estate transaction are received by the broker or salesperson in the form of a nondepositable item such as a note, bond, stock certificate, treasury bill, or any other instrument or equity or thing of value received by a broker, salesperson, or closing agent received in lieu of cash shall be deposited immediately with an authorized escrow agent, whose authority is evidenced by a written agreement executed by the offeror and the escrow agent. A receipt shall be issued to the buyer for the value of the nondepositable item.

In the event the broker acts as the escrow agent, the broker shall obtain written authority from the buyer and seller to hold such items in escrow. In all cases, the parties shall be advised of the details relative to the nondepositable item, including the nature of the item, the amount, and in whose custody such item is being held. The fact that such an item is being held by the broker shall be duly recorded in the broker's trust account records.

Subd. 4.Commingling funds. A broker, salesperson, or closing agent shall deposit only trust funds in a trust account and shall not commingle personal funds or other funds in a trust account, except that a broker, salesperson, or closing agent may deposit and maintain a sum in a trust account from personal funds, which sum shall be specifically identified and used to pay service charges or satisfy the minimum balance requirements relating to the trust account.

Subd. 5.Trust accounts. (a) Each broker or closing agent shall maintain and retain records of all trust funds and trust accounts. The commissioner may prescribe information to be included in the records by appropriate rules.

(b) Unless otherwise agreed upon in writing by the parties to a transaction, the broker with whom trust funds are to be deposited shall be the listing broker.

(c) Earnest money received from a potential buyer shall be deposited into the listing broker's trust account pursuant to the terms of a written agreement between the parties. If the written agreement between the parties is silent as to the timing of the deposit of earnest money, the listing broker shall deposit the earnest money within three business days of either receipt of the earnest money or final acceptance of the purchase agreement, whichever is later. If the offer is rejected, the earnest money shall be returned to the potential buyer not later than the next business day after rejection.

(d) Trust funds must be maintained in a trust account until disbursement is made in accordance with this section and proper accounting is made to the parties entitled to an accounting.

Trust funds may only be disbursed upon the occurrence of one of the following:

(1) a closing of the transaction;

(2) written agreement between the parties;

(3) pursuant to an affidavit as required in section 559.217; or

(4) a court order.

Disbursement must be made within ten business days following the consummation or termination of a transaction if the applicable agreements are silent as to the time of disbursement.

Subd. 6.Notice of trust account status. The names of the banks, savings associations, credit unions, and industrial loan and thrift companies and the trust account numbers used by a broker or closing agent shall be provided to the commissioner at the time of application for the broker's or closing agent's license. The broker shall immediately report to the commissioner any change of trust account status including changes in banks, savings associations, credit unions, and industrial loan and thrift companies, account numbers, or additional accounts in the same or other banks, savings associations, credit unions, and industrial loan and thrift companies. A broker or closing agent shall not close an existing trust account without giving ten days' written notice to the commissioner.

Subd. 7.Interest bearing accounts. Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter, a real estate broker may establish and maintain interest bearing accounts for the purpose of receiving deposits in accordance with the provisions of section 504B.178.

Subd. 8.Accrued interest. (a) Each broker shall maintain a pooled interest-bearing trust account for deposit of client funds. The interest accruing on the trust account, less reasonable transaction costs, must be paid to the Minnesota Housing Finance Agency for deposit in the housing trust fund account created under section 462A.201 unless otherwise specified pursuant to an expressed written agreement between the parties to a transaction.

(b) For an account created under paragraph (a), each broker shall direct the financial institution to:

(1) pay the interest, less reasonable transaction costs, computed in accordance with the financial institution's standard accounting practice, at least quarterly, to the Minnesota Housing Finance Agency; and

(2) send a statement to the Minnesota Housing Finance Agency showing the name of the broker for whom the payment is made, the rate of interest applied, the amount of service charges deducted, and the account balance for the period in which the report is made.

The Minnesota Housing Finance Agency shall credit the amount collected under this subdivision to the housing trust fund account established in section 462A.201.

(c) The financial institution must promptly notify the agency if a draft drawn on the account is dishonored. A draft is not dishonored if a stop payment order is requested by an issuer who has a good faith defense to payment on the draft.

Subd. 9.Consent to place in special account. Trust funds may be placed by the broker in a special account which may be an interest-bearing account or certificate of deposit if the buyer and the seller consent in writing to the special account and to the disposition of the trust funds, including any interest thereon.

Subd. 10.Licensee as principal. Funds which would constitute trust funds if received by a licensee acting as an agent must, if received by a licensee acting as principal, be placed in a trust account unless a written agreement signed by all parties to the transaction specifies a different disposition of the funds. The written agreement shall state that the funds would otherwise be placed in a real estate trust account.

Subd. 11.Trust account records. (a) Every broker shall keep a record of all trust funds received, including notes, savings certificates, uncashed or uncollected checks, or other similar instruments. Said records shall set forth:

(1) date funds received;

(2) from whom received;

(3) amount received;

(4) with respect to funds deposited in a trust account, the date of said deposit;

(5) with respect to funds previously deposited in a trust account, the check number or date of related disbursements; and

(6) a monthly balance of the trust account.

Each broker shall maintain a formal trust cash receipts journal and a formal cash disbursement journal, or similar records, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. All records and funds shall be subject to inspection by the commissioner or an agent of the commissioner at any time.

(b) Each broker shall keep a separate record for each beneficiary or transaction, accounting for all funds therein which have been deposited in the broker's trust bank account. These records shall set forth information sufficient to identify the transaction and the parties thereto. At a minimum, each record shall set forth:

(1) the date funds are deposited;

(2) the amount deposited;

(3) the date of each related disbursement;

(4) the check number of each related disbursement;

(5) the amount of each related disbursement; and

(6) a description of each disbursement.

82.76 LOAN BROKERS.

Subdivision 1.Compliance. Loan brokers shall comply with the requirements of subdivisions 2 to 7.

Subd. 2.Contract provisions. A loan broker shall enter into a written contract with each customer and shall provide a copy of the written contract to each customer at or before the time of receipt of any fee or valuable consideration paid for loan brokerage services. The written contract shall:

(1) identify the escrow account into which the fees or consideration will be deposited;

(2) set forth the circumstances under which the loan broker will be entitled to disbursement from the escrow account;

(3) set forth the circumstances under which the customer will be entitled to a refund of all or part of the fee;

(4) specifically describe the services to be provided by the loan broker and the dates by which the services will be performed;

(5) state the maximum rate of interest to be charged on any loan obtained;

(6) contain a statement which notifies the customer of his or her rights to cancel the contract pursuant to subdivision 3;

(7) disclose, with respect to the 12-month period ending ten business days prior to the date of the contract in question, the percentage of the loan broker's customers for whom loans have actually been funded as a result of the loan broker's services. This disclosure need not be made for any period prior to September 8, 1986; and

(8) disclose the cancellation rights and procedures set forth in subdivision 3.

Subd. 3.Cancellation. Any customer of a loan broker who pays a fee prior to the time a loan is actually funded shall have an unconditional right to rescind the contract for loan brokerage services at any time until midnight of the third business day after the day on which the contract is signed. Cancellation is evidenced by the customer giving written notice of cancellation to the loan broker at the address stated in the contract. Notice of cancellation, if given by mail, is effective upon deposit in a mailbox properly addressed to the loan broker with postage prepaid. Notice of cancellation need not take a particular form and is sufficient if it indicates by any form of written expression the intention of the customer not to be bound by the contract. No act of a customer of a loan broker shall be effective to waive the right to rescind as provided in this subdivision.

Subd. 4.Escrow account. The loan broker shall deposit in an escrow account within 48 hours all fees received prior to the time a loan is actually funded. The escrow account shall be in a bank located within the state of Minnesota and shall be controlled by an unaffiliated accountant, lawyer, or bank.

Subd. 5.Records. The loan broker shall maintain a separate record of all fees received for services performed or to be performed as a loan broker. Each record shall set forth the date funds are received, the person from whom the funds are received, the amount received, the date of deposit in the escrow account, the account number, the date the funds are disbursed and the check number of the disbursement, and a description of each disbursement and the justification for the disbursement.

Subd. 6.Monthly statement. The loan broker shall provide to each customer at least monthly a detailed written accounting of all disbursements of the customer's funds from the trust account.

Subd. 7.Disclosure of lenders. The loan broker shall provide to each customer at the expiration of the contract a list of the lenders or loan sources to whom loan applications were submitted on behalf of the customer.

82.77 TABLE FUNDING.

Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section, the terms in this subdivision have the meanings given them.

(b) "Closing agent" has the meaning given in section 82.55, subdivision 4.

(d) "Federally insured financial institution" means an institution in which monetary deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or National Credit Union Administration.

(e) "Lender" means a person who makes residential mortgage loans including a person who engages in table funding. "Lender" does not include any organization described in section 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, if the organization is exempt from tax under section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "Lender" does not include a state or any political subdivision of a state.

(f) "Qualified loan funds" means funds in one of the following forms:

(1) lawful money of the United States;

(2) wired funds when unconditionally held by the closing agent;

(3) cashier's checks, certified checks, bank money orders, or teller's checks issued by a federally insured financial institution and unconditionally held by the closing agent; and

(4) United States treasury checks, Federal Reserve Bank checks, federal home loan bank checks, and state of Minnesota warrants.

(g) "Table funding" means a closing or settlement at which a mortgage loan is funded by a lender by a contemporaneous advance of mortgage loan funds and an assignment of the mortgage loan to the lender advancing the funds.

Subd. 2.Requirements. (a) A closing agent shall not make disbursements out of an escrow, security deposit, settlement, or closing account unless the funds received from the lender are collected funds or qualified loan funds.

(b) A lender, using the closing services of a closing agent, shall at or before the time of the closing deliver loan funds to the closing agent either in the form of collected funds or qualified loan funds.

82.78 RENTAL SERVICES.

Subdivision 1.License. A rental service shall obtain a real estate broker's license before engaging in business or holding itself out as being engaged in business. No person shall act as a real estate salesperson on behalf of a rental service without first obtaining a real estate salesperson's license on behalf of the rental service.

Subd. 2.Dissemination of unit information. A rental service shall not provide information regarding a rental unit without the express authority of the owner of the unit.

Subd. 3.Advertising. A rental service shall not advertise in a manner that is misleading with regards to fees charged, services provided, the availability of rental units, or rental terms or conditions.

82.80 UNCLAIMED PROPERTY ACT COMPLIANCE.

Upon the initial application for a real estate broker's license and upon each annual application for renewal, the applicant or broker shall be required to inform the commissioner of compliance with the requirements set forth in chapter 345 relating to unclaimed property.

82.81 PROHIBITIONS.

Subdivision 1.License required. No person shall act as a real estate broker or real estate salesperson unless licensed as provided in this section.

Subd. 2.Misrepresenting status as licensee. No persons shall advertise or represent themselves to be real estate brokers or real estate salespersons unless licensed as provided in this section.

Subd. 3.Limitation on broker when transaction not completed. When the owner fails or is unable to consummate a real estate transaction, through no fault of the purchaser, the listing broker may not claim any portion of any trust funds deposited with the broker by the purchaser, absent a separate agreement with the purchaser.

Subd. 4.Authorizing or engaging unlicensed person to act on licensee's behalf. No real estate broker, salesperson, or closing agent shall engage or authorize any person, except one licensed as provided herein, to act as a real estate broker, salesperson, or closing agent on the engager's or authorizer's behalf.

Subd. 5.Self-serving provision prohibited. No purchase agreement, earnest money contract, or similar contract for the purchase, rental, or lease of real property may contain any hold harmless clause or arbitration clause which addresses the rights or liabilities of persons required to be licensed pursuant to this chapter unless the person required to be licensed is a principal in the transaction.

This does not prohibit separate and independent written agreements between any of the parties and persons required to be licensed pursuant to this chapter.

Subd. 6.Disclosure regarding representation of parties. (a) No person licensed pursuant to this chapter or who otherwise acts as a real estate broker or salesperson shall fail to provide at the first substantive contact with a consumer in a residential real property transaction an agency disclosure form as set forth in section 82.67.

(b) The seller may, in the listing agreement, authorize the seller's broker to disburse part of the broker's compensation to other brokers, including the buyer's brokers solely representing the buyer, as authorized in section 82.70, subdivision 4.

Subd. 7.Securities sold by businesses outside scope of licensing. A license issued under this chapter does not allow a licensee to engage in the business of buying, selling, negotiating, brokering, or otherwise dealing in vendor's interests in contracts for deed, mortgagee's interests in mortgages, or other evidence of indebtedness regarding real estate, except that a licensee may, if there is no compensation in addition to the brokerage commission or fee, and if the licensee represents the seller, buyer, lessor, or lessee in the sale, lease, or exchange of real estate, arrange for the sale of a contract, mortgage, or similar evidence of indebtedness for the subject property.

Subd. 8.Closing services. No real estate broker, salesperson, or closing agent shall require a person to use any particular lender, licensed attorney, real estate broker, real estate salesperson, real estate closing agent, or title insurance agent in connection with a residential real estate closing.

Subd. 9.Exclusive agreements. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c), a licensee shall not negotiate the sale, exchange, lease, or listing of any real property directly with the owner or lessor knowing that the owner or lessor has executed a written contract granting exclusive representation or assistance for the same service in connection with the property to another real estate broker, buyer, or lessee, nor shall a licensee negotiate the purchase, lease, or exchange of real property knowing that the buyer or lessee has executed a written contract granting exclusive representation or assistance for the same service of purchase, lease, or exchange of the real property with another real estate broker.

(b) A licensee shall not induce any party to a contract of sale, purchase, lease, or option, or to an exclusive listing agreement or buyer's agreement, or facilitator services agreement, to breach the contract, option, or agreement.

(c) A licensee may discuss the terms upon which a listing or buyer representation contract or a contract for facilitator services may be entered into after expiration of any existing exclusive contract when the inquiry or discussion is initiated by the owner, lessor, buyer, or lessee. The licensee must inquire of the owner, lessor, buyer, or lessee whether such an exclusive contract exists.

Subd. 10.Prohibition on guaranteeing future profits. Licensees shall not, with respect to the sale or lease of real property, guarantee or affirmatively encourage another person to guarantee future profits or earnings that may result from the purchase or lease of the real property in question unless the guarantee and the assumptions upon which it is based are fully disclosed and contained in the contract, purchase agreement, or other instrument of sale or lease.

Subd. 11.Prohibition against discouraging use of attorney. Licensees shall not discourage prospective parties to a real estate transaction from seeking the services of an attorney.

Subd. 12.Fraudulent, deceptive, and dishonest practices. (a) Prohibitions. For the purposes of section 82.82, subdivision 1, clause (b), the following acts and practices constitute fraudulent, deceptive, or dishonest practices:

(1) act on behalf of more than one party to a transaction without the knowledge and consent of all parties;

(2) act in the dual capacity of licensee and undisclosed principal in any transaction;

(3) receive funds while acting as principal which funds would constitute trust funds if received by a licensee acting as an agent, unless the funds are placed in a trust account. Funds need not be placed in a trust account if a written agreement signed by all parties to the transaction specifies a different disposition of the funds, in accordance with section 82.82, subdivision 1;

(4) violate any state or federal law concerning discrimination intended to protect the rights of purchasers or renters of real estate;

(5) make a material misstatement in an application for a license or in any information furnished to the commissioner;

(6) procure or attempt to procure a real estate license for the procuring individual or any person by fraud, misrepresentation, or deceit;

(7) represent membership in any real estate-related organization in which the licensee is not a member;

(8) advertise in any manner that is misleading or inaccurate with respect to properties, terms, values, policies, or services conducted by the licensee;

(9) make any material misrepresentation or permit or allow another to make any material misrepresentation;

(10) make any false or misleading statements, or permit or allow another to make any false or misleading statements, of a character likely to influence, persuade, or induce the consummation of a transaction contemplated by this chapter;

(11) fail within a reasonable time to account for or remit any money coming into the licensee's possession which belongs to another;

(12) commingle with the individual's own money or property trust funds or any other money or property of another held by the licensee;

(13) a demand from a seller for a commission or compensation to which the licensee is not entitled, knowing that the individual is not entitled to the commission or compensation;

(14) pay or give money or goods of value to an unlicensed person for any assistance or information relating to the procurement by a licensee of a listing of a property or of a prospective buyer of a property (this item does not apply to money or goods paid or given to the parties to the transaction);

(15) fail to maintain a trust account at all times, as provided by law;

(16) engage, with respect to the offer, sale, or rental of real estate, in an anticompetitive activity;

(17) represent on advertisements, cards, signs, circulars, letterheads, or in any other manner, that the individual is engaged in the business of financial planning unless the individual provides a disclosure document to the client. The document must be signed by the client and a copy must be left with the client. The disclosure document must contain the following:

(i) the basis of fees, commissions, or other compensation received by an individual in connection with rendering of financial planning services or financial counseling or advice in the following language:

"My compensation may be based on the following:

(a) ... commissions generated from the products I sell you;

(b) ... fees; or

(ii) the name and address of any company or firm that supplies the financial services or products offered or sold by an individual in the following language:

"I am authorized to offer or sell products and/or services issued by or through the following firm(s):

[List]

The products will be traded, distributed, or placed through the clearing/trading firm(s) of:

[List]";

(iii) the license(s) held by the person under this chapter or chapter 60A or 80A in the following language:

"I am licensed in Minnesota as a(n):

(a) ... insurance agent;

(b) ... securities agent or broker/dealer;

(d) ... investment adviser"; and

(iv) the specific identity of any financial products or services, by category, for example mutual funds, stocks, or limited partnerships, the person is authorized to offer or sell in the following language:

"The license(s) entitles me to offer and sell the following products and/or services:

(a) ... securities, specifically the following: [List];

(b) ... real property;

(d) ... other: [List]."

(b) Determining violation. A licensee shall be deemed to have violated this section if the licensee has been found to have violated sections 325D.49 to 325D.66, by a final decision or order of a court of competent jurisdiction.

(c) Commissioner's authority. Nothing in this section limits the authority of the commissioner to take actions against a licensee for fraudulent, deceptive, or dishonest practices not specifically described in this section.

82.82 DENIAL, SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION OF LICENSES.

Subdivision 1.General authority. The commissioner may by order deny, suspend or revoke any license or may censure a licensee if the commissioner finds (1) that the order is in the public interest, and (2) that the applicant or licensee or, in the case of a broker, any officer, director, partner, employee or agent or any person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions, or any person directly or indirectly controlling the broker or closing agent or controlled by the broker or closing agent:

(a) has filed an application for a license which is incomplete in any material respect or contains any statement which, in light of the circumstances under which it is made, is false or misleading with respect to any material fact;

(b) has engaged in a fraudulent, deceptive, or dishonest practice;

(c) is permanently or temporarily enjoined by any court of competent jurisdiction from engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice involving any aspect of the real estate business;

(d) has failed to reasonably supervise brokers, salespersons, or closing agents so as to cause injury or harm to the public;

(e) has violated or failed to comply with any provision of this chapter or any rule or order under this chapter;

(f) has, in the conduct of the licensee's affairs under the license, been shown to be incompetent, untrustworthy, or financially irresponsible;

(g) has acted on behalf of any party to a transaction, where the licensee has a conflict of interest that may affect the licensee's ability to represent that party, without the knowledge and consent of the party; or

(h) has, while performing residential mortgage activities regulated under chapter 58 violated any provision of chapter 58.

Subd. 2.Effect of suspension or revocation. The license of a salesperson is not effective during any period for which the license of the broker on whose behalf the salesperson is acting is suspended or revoked. The salesperson may apply for transfer to some other licensed broker by complying with section 82.63, subdivisions 6 and 10.

Subd. 3.Regulation of practice; rulemaking. The commissioner may promulgate rules further specifying and defining those actions and omissions which constitute fraudulent, deceptive, or dishonest practices, and establishing standards of conduct for real estate brokers, salespeople, or closing agents.

Subd. 4.Monetary settlements. The commissioner shall not coerce or attempt to coerce a licensee to enter into any monetary settlement with a consumer in connection with any complaint investigation. The commissioner may consider the totality of the circumstances, including any efforts by the licensee to mitigate any losses by a consumer, in determining the appropriateness or severity of administrative sanction.

Subd. 5.Order to show cause. The commissioner shall issue an order requiring a licensee or applicant for a license to show cause why the license should not be revoked or suspended, or the licensee censured, or the application denied. The order shall be calculated to give reasonable notice of the time and place for hearing thereon, and shall state the specific statute or rule that has been violated for the entry of the order. The commissioner may by order summarily suspend a license pending final determination of any order to show cause. If a license is suspended pending final determination of an order to show cause, a hearing on the merits shall be held within 30 days of the issuance of the order of suspension. All hearings shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of chapter 14. After the hearing, the commissioner shall enter an order making such disposition of the matter as the facts require. If the licensee or applicant fails to appear at a hearing after having been duly notified of it, such person shall be deemed in default, and the proceeding may be determined against the licensee or applicant upon consideration of the order to show cause, the allegations of which may be deemed to be true.

Subd. 6.ALJ hearing. The commissioner may delegate to an administrative law judge the authority to conduct a hearing. The examiner shall make proposed findings of fact and submit them to the commissioner. The examiner shall have the same power as the commissioner to compel the attendance of witnesses, to examine them under oath, to require the production of books, papers and other evidence, and to issue subpoenas and cause the same to be served and executed in any part of the state.

Subd. 7.Judicial review of orders. Orders of the commissioner shall be subject to judicial review pursuant to chapter 14.

Subd. 8.Hearing procedures; rulemaking. The commissioner may promulgate rules of procedure concerning all hearings and other proceedings conducted pursuant to this chapter.

Subd. 9.Tax clearance certificate. (a) In addition to the provisions of subdivision 1, the commissioner may not issue or renew a license if the commissioner of revenue notifies the commissioner and the licensee or applicant for a license that the licensee or applicant owes the state delinquent taxes in the amount of $500 or more. The commissioner may issue or renew the license only if (1) the commissioner of revenue issues a tax clearance certificate and (2) the commissioner of revenue or the licensee or applicant forwards a copy of the clearance to the commissioner. The commissioner of revenue may issue a clearance certificate only if the licensee or applicant does not owe the state any uncontested delinquent taxes.

(b) For purposes of this subdivision, the following terms have the meanings given.

(1) "Taxes" are all taxes payable to the commissioner of revenue, including penalties and interest due on those taxes.

(2) "Delinquent taxes" do not include a tax liability if (i) an administrative or court action that contests the amount or validity of the liability has been filed or served, (ii) the appeal period to contest the tax liability has not expired, or (iii) the licensee or applicant has entered into a payment agreement to pay the liability and is current with the payments.

(c) In lieu of the notice and hearing requirements of subdivisions 5, 6, 7, and 8 when a licensee or applicant is required to obtain a clearance certificate under this subdivision, a contested case hearing must be held if the licensee or applicant requests a hearing in writing to the commissioner of revenue within 30 days of the date of the notice provided in paragraph (a). The hearing must be held within 45 days of the date the commissioner of revenue refers the case to the Office of Administrative Hearings. Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, the licensee or applicant must be served with 20 days' notice in writing specifying the time and place of the hearing and the allegations against the licensee or applicant. The notice may be served personally or by mail.

(d) The commissioner shall require all licensees or applicants to provide their Social Security number and Minnesota business identification number on all license applications. Upon request of the commissioner of revenue, the commissioner must provide to the commissioner of revenue a list of all licensees and applicants, including the name and address, Social Security number, and business identification number. The commissioner of revenue may request a list of the licensees and applicants no more than once each calendar year.

Subd. 10.Revocations. If the commissioner finds that any licensee or applicant is no longer in existence or has ceased to do business as a broker or salesperson or is subject to an adjudication of mental incompetence or to the control of a committee, conservator, or guardian, or cannot be located after reasonable search, the commissioner may by order revoke the license or deny the application.

82.83 PENALTY.

Any person who violates any provision of this chapter, or any rule or order of the commissioner, shall be guilty of a gross misdemeanor.

82.84 PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION.

The commissioner may publish by newspaper, newsletter or otherwise information to assist in the administration of this chapter, or to educate and protect the public regarding fraudulent, deceptive or dishonest practices. The commissioner may also publish materials for the benefit of license applicants.

82.85 CIVIL ACTIONS.

Subdivision 1.Compensation actions; proof of license. No person shall bring or maintain any action in the courts of this state for the collection of compensation for the performance of any of the acts for which a license is required under this chapter without alleging and proving that the person was a duly licensed real estate broker, salesperson, or closing agent at the time the alleged cause of action arose.

Subd. 2.Compensation actions; written agreement required. No person required by this chapter to be licensed shall be entitled to or may bring or maintain any action in the courts for any commission, fee or other compensation with respect to the purchase, sale, lease or other disposition or conveyance of real property, or with respect to the negotiation or attempt to negotiate any sale, lease or other disposition or conveyance of real property unless there is a written agreement with the person required to be licensed.

Subd. 3.Compensation actions; residential real property; disclosure of agency. No person required by this chapter to be licensed shall be entitled to bring any action to recover any commission, fee, or other compensation with respect to the purchase, sale, lease, or other disposition or conveyance of residential real property, or with respect to the negotiation or attempt to negotiate any sale, lease, or other disposition or conveyance of residential real property unless the person's agency relationships have been disclosed to the parties to the transaction in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.

Subd. 4.Contract enforcement actions; limitation. No person required to be licensed by this chapter may maintain an action in the courts of this state to enforce any provision of a purchase agreement, earnest money contract, or similar contract for the purchase, rental, or lease of real property if the provision to be enforced violates section 82.81, subdivision 5.

82.86 REAL ESTATE EDUCATION, RESEARCH AND RECOVERY FUND.

Subdivision 1.Administration. There is established a "real estate education, research and recovery fund" to be administered by the commissioner of commerce. The commissioner of management and budget shall be the custodian of the fund and shall operate under the direction of the commissioner.

Subd. 2.Creation. There is hereby created in the state treasury a real estate education, research and recovery fund which shall be administered by the commissioner in the manner and for the purposes prescribed in this section.

Subd. 3.Fee for real estate fund. Each real estate broker, real estate salesperson, and real estate closing agent entitled under this chapter to renew a license shall pay in addition to the appropriate renewal fee a further fee of $20 per licensing period which shall be credited to the real estate education, research, and recovery fund. Any person who receives an initial license shall pay, in addition to all other fees payable, a fee of $30.

Subd. 4.Additional assessment. If the amount in the fund is at any time less than the commissioner believes is necessary to carry out the purposes of this section every licensee, when renewing a license, shall pay, in addition to the annual renewal fee and the fee set forth in subdivision 3, an assessment not to exceed $100, said sum having been reasonably determined by the commissioner to be necessary to restore a balance in the fund of an amount adequate to carry out the purposes of this section.

Subd. 5.Investment of funds. Any funds shall, upon request of the commissioner, be invested by the state Board of Investment in the class of securities specified in section 11A.24 and acts amendatory thereto. All interest and profits from such investments shall be credited to the real estate education, research and recovery fund. The commissioner of management and budget shall be the custodian of securities purchased under the provisions of this section.

Subd. 6.Authorized expenditures. The commissioner may expend money as appropriated for the following purposes:

(a) to promote the advancement of education and research in the field of real estate for the benefit of those licensed under this chapter;

(b) to underwrite educational seminars and other forms of educational projects for the benefit of real estate licensees;

(c) to establish a real estate chair or courses at Minnesota state institutions of higher learning for the purpose of making such courses available to licensees and the general public;

(d) to contract for a particular educational or research project in the field of real estate to further the purposes of this chapter;

(e) to pay any reasonable costs and disbursements, excluding attorney's fees, incurred in defending actions against the real estate education, research and recovery fund including the cost of mailing or publication of notice pursuant to subdivision 14; and

(f) to provide information to the public on housing issues, including but not limited to, environmental safety and housing affordability.

Subd. 7.Application for recovery. When any aggrieved person obtains a final judgment in any court of competent jurisdiction regardless of whether the judgment has been discharged by a bankruptcy court against an individual licensed under this chapter, on grounds of fraudulent, deceptive, or dishonest practices, or conversion of trust funds arising directly out of any transaction when the judgment debtor was licensed and performed acts for which a license is required under this chapter, or performed acts permitted by section 327B.04, subdivision 5, the aggrieved person may, upon the judgment becoming final, and upon termination of all proceedings, including reviews and appeals, file a verified application in the court in which the judgment was entered. The application shall state with specificity the grounds upon which the application seeks to recover from the fund, and request an order directing payment out of the fund of the amount of actual and direct out of pocket loss in the transaction, but excluding any attorney's fees, interest on the loss and on any judgment obtained as a result of the loss, up to the sum of $150,000 of the amount unpaid upon the judgment, provided that nothing in this chapter shall be construed to obligate the fund for more than $150,000 per claimant, per transaction, subject to the limitations set forth in subdivision 14, regardless of the number of persons aggrieved or parcels of real estate involved in the transaction, provided that regardless of the number of claims against a licensee, nothing in this chapter may obligate the fund for more than $250,000 per licensee. An aggrieved person who has a cause of action under section 80A.76 shall first seek recovery as provided in section 80A.66(e), before the commissioner may order payment from the recovery fund. For purposes of this section, persons who are joint tenants or tenants in common are deemed to be a single claimant. A copy of the verified application shall be served upon the commissioner and upon the judgment debtor, and a certificate or affidavit of service filed with the court. For the purpose of this section, "aggrieved person" does not include a government agency, financial institution, or other entity that purchases, guarantees, or insures a loan secured by real estate, and does not include a licensee unless (1) the licensee is acting in the capacity of principal in the sale of interests in real property owned by the licensee; or (2) the licensee is acting in the capacity of principal in the purchase of interests in real property to be owned by the licensee. Under no circumstances shall a licensee be entitled to payment under this section for the loss of a commission or similar fee.

For the purposes of this section, recovery is limited to transactions where the property involved is intended for the direct personal habitation or commercial use of the buyer.

Except for securities permitted to be sold by a licensee pursuant to section 82.81, subdivision 7, for any action commenced after July 1, 1993, recovery under this section is not available where the buyer's participation is for investment purposes only, and is limited to providing capital to fund the transaction.

Subd. 8.Accelerated claims payment. (a) The commissioner shall pay claims from the recovery portion of the fund that do not exceed the jurisdiction limits for conciliation court matters as specified in section 491A.01 on an accelerated basis if all of the requirements in subdivision 7 and paragraphs (b) to (f) have been satisfied.

(b) When any aggrieved person as defined in subdivision 7 obtains a judgment in any court of competent jurisdiction, regardless of whether the judgment has been discharged by a bankruptcy court against a licensee on grounds specified in subdivision 7, the aggrieved person may file a verified application with the commissioner for payment out of the recovery portion of the fund of the amount of actual and direct out-of-pocket loss in the transaction, but excluding any attorney fees, interest on the loss, and on any judgment obtained as a result of the loss, up to the conciliation court jurisdiction limits, of the amount unpaid upon the judgment. For purposes of this section, persons who are joint tenants or tenants in common are deemed to be a single claimant.

(c) The commissioner shall send the licensee a copy of the verified application by first-class mail to the licensee's address as it appears in the records of the Department of Commerce with a notice that the claim will be paid 15 days from the date of the notice unless the licensee notifies the commissioner before that date of the commencement of an appeal of the judgment, if the time for appeal has not expired, and that payment of the claim will result in automatic suspension of the licensee's license.

(d) If the licensee does not notify the commissioner of the commencement of an appeal, the commissioner shall pay the claim at the end of the 15-day period.

(e) If an appeal is commenced, the payment of the claim is stayed until the conclusion of the appeal.

(f) The commissioner may pay claims which total no more than $50,000 against the licensee under this accelerated process. The commissioner may prorate the amount of claims paid under this subdivision if claims in excess of $50,000 against the licensee are submitted. Any unpaid portions of these claims must be satisfied in the manner set forth in subdivision 7.

Subd. 9.Application hearing. The court shall conduct a hearing upon such application 30 days after service of the application upon the commissioner. Upon petition of the commissioner, the court shall continue the hearing up to 60 days further; and upon a showing of good cause may continue the hearing for such further period as the court deems appropriate. At the hearing the aggrieved person shall be required to show that the person:

(a) is not a spouse of debtor, or the personal representative of such spouse;

(b) has complied with all the requirements of this section;

(c) has obtained a judgment as set out in subdivision 7, stating the amount thereof and the amount owing thereon at the date of the application;

(d) has made all reasonable searches and inquiries to ascertain whether the judgment debtor is possessed of real or personal property or other assets, liable to be sold or applied in satisfaction of the judgment;

(e) by such search has discovered no personal or real property or other assets liable to be sold or applied, or has discovered certain of them, describing them, owned by the judgment debtor and liable to be so applied, and has taken all necessary action and proceedings for the realization thereof, and that the amount thereby realized was insufficient to satisfy the judgment, stating the amount so realized and the balance remaining due on the judgment after application of the amount realized;

(f) has diligently pursued remedies against all the judgment debtors and all other persons liable to that person in the transaction for which that person seeks recovery from the real estate education, research and recovery fund;

(g) is making said application no more than one year after the judgment becomes final, or no more than one year after the termination of any review or appeal of the judgment.

Subd. 10.Effect of judgment. Whenever the court proceeds upon an application as set forth in subdivision 7, it shall order payment out of the fund only upon a determination that the aggrieved party has a valid cause of action within the purview of subdivision 7 and has complied with the provisions of subdivision 9. The judgment shall be only prima facie evidence of such cause of action and for the purposes of this section shall not be conclusive. The commissioner may defend any such action on behalf of the fund and shall have recourse to all appropriate means of defense and review including examination of witnesses. The commissioner may move the court at any time to dismiss the application when it appears there are no triable issues and the petition is without merit. The motion may be supported by affidavit of any person or persons having knowledge of the facts, and may be made on the basis that the petition, and the judgment referred to therein, does not form the basis for a meritorious recovery claim within the purview of subdivision 7; provided, however, the commissioner shall give written notice at least ten days before such motion. The commissioner may, subject to court approval, compromise a claim based upon the application of an aggrieved party but shall not be bound by any prior compromise or stipulation of the judgment debtor.

Subd. 11.Commissioner's duties. The commissioner may defend any such action on behalf of the fund and shall have recourse to all appropriate means of defense and review, including examination of witnesses. The judgment debtor may defend any such action on the debtor's own behalf and shall have recourse to all appropriate means of defense and review, including examination of witnesses. Whenever an applicant's judgment is by default, stipulation, or consent, or whenever the action against the licensee was defended by a trustee in bankruptcy, the applicant shall have the burden of proving the cause of action for fraudulent, deceptive or dishonest practices, or conversion of trust funds. Otherwise, the judgment shall create a rebuttable presumption of the fraudulent, deceptive or dishonest practices, or conversion of trust funds. This presumption is a presumption affecting the burden of producing evidence.

Subd. 12.Payment order. If the court finds after the hearing that said claim should be levied against the fund, the court shall enter an order directed to the commissioner requiring payment from the fund of whatever sum it shall find to be payable upon the claim pursuant to the provisions of and in accordance with the limitations contained in this section.

Subd. 13.License suspension. Should the commissioner pay from the recovery portion of the fund any amount in settlement of a claim or toward satisfaction of a judgment against a licensee, the license shall be automatically suspended upon the effective date of an order by the court as set forth herein authorizing payment from the recovery portion of the fund. No broker, salesperson, or closing agent shall be granted reinstatement until the person has repaid in full, plus interest at the rate of 12 percent a year, twice the amount paid from the fund on the person's account, and has obtained a surety bond issued by an insurer authorized to transact business in this state in the amount of $40,000. The bond shall be filed with the commissioner, with the state of Minnesota as obligee, conditioned for the prompt payment to any aggrieved person entitled thereto, of any amounts received by the real estate broker, salesperson, or closing agent or to protect any aggrieved person from loss resulting from fraudulent, deceptive, or dishonest practices or conversion of trust funds arising out of any transaction when the real estate broker or salesperson was licensed and performed acts for which a license is required under this chapter. The bond shall remain operative for as long as that real estate broker, salesperson, or closing agent is licensed. No payment shall be made from the fund based upon claims against any broker, salesperson, or closing agent who is granted reinstatement pursuant to this subdivision. A discharge in bankruptcy shall not relieve a person from the penalties and disabilities provided in this section.

Subd. 14.Satisfaction of claims. The commissioner shall satisfy all claims against licensees for which an order pursuant to subdivision 12 directing payment from the recovery portion of the fund has become final during the calendar year. Each claim shall be satisfied by the commissioner by July 15 of the calendar year after the year in which the order directing payment of the claim becomes final, subject to the limitations of this section. If, at the end of any calendar year, the commissioner determines that the courts have issued orders that have become final during the year directing payment out of the recovery portion of the fund in a total amount in excess of the funds available for recovery purposes, the commissioner shall allocate the funds available for recovery purposes among all claimants in the ratio that the amount ordered paid to each claimant bears to the aggregate of all amounts ordered paid. The commissioner shall mail notice of the allocation to all claimants not less than 45 days following the end of the calendar year. Any claimant who objects to the plan of allocation shall file a petition in the District Court of Ramsey or Hennepin County within 20 days of the mailing of notice setting forth the grounds for objection. Upon motion of the commissioner, the court shall summarily dismiss the petition and order distribution in accordance with the proposed plan of allocation unless it finds substantial reason to believe that the distribution would be in violation of the provisions of this section. If a petition is filed, no distribution shall be made except in accordance with a final order of the court. In the event no petition is filed within 20 days of the mailing of notice, the commissioner shall make a distribution in accordance with the plan of allocation. Any distribution made by the commissioner in accordance with this subdivision shall be deemed to satisfy and extinguish the claims of any claimant receiving a distribution against the fund.

Subd. 15.Appropriation. Any sums received by the commissioner pursuant to any provisions of this section shall be deposited in the state treasury, and credited to the real estate education, research and recovery fund, and said sums shall be allocated exclusively for the purposes provided in this section. All moneys in the fund are appropriated annually to the commissioner for the purposes of this section.

All money credited to the fund under section 462A.201 may only be used for purposes under subdivision 6, clause (f). Beginning in 1990, the commissioner must, on February 1 of each year, review the amount of money spent or allocated for uses under subdivision 6, clause (f), for the previous calendar year. If the amount spent or allocated is less than the amount credited to the fund under section 462A.201 during the same calendar year, the difference must be transferred from the fund to the housing trust fund account established in section 462A.201. If the fund balance exceeds $4,000,000, the commissioner may suspend the fee imposed under subdivision 3.

Subd. 16.Criminal penalty. It shall be unlawful for any person or the agent of any person to knowingly file with the commissioner any notice, statement, or other document required under the provisions of this section which is false or untrue or contains any material misstatement of fact. Such conduct shall constitute a gross misdemeanor.

Subd. 17.Right of subrogation. When, upon the order of the court, the commissioner has paid from the recovery portion of the fund any sum to the judgment creditor, the commissioner shall be subrogated to all of the rights of the judgment creditor to the extent of the amount so paid and the judgment creditor shall assign all right, title and interest in the judgment to the extent of the amount so paid to the commissioner and any amount and interest so recovered by the commissioner on the judgment shall be deposited to the fund.

Subd. 18.Effect of section on commissioner's authority. Nothing contained in this section shall limit the authority of the commissioner to take disciplinary action against any licensee under other provisions of this chapter; nor shall the repayment in full of all obligations to the recovery portion of the fund by any licensee nullify or modify the effect of any other disciplinary proceeding brought pursuant to the provisions of this chapter.

Subd. 19.Periodic report of fund activities. The commissioner shall, on or before October 1 in each even-numbered year, prepare and file in the Office of the Governor for the preceding two fiscal years ending June 30 a report on the activities of the real estate education, research and recovery fund; noting the amount of money received by the fund, the amount of money expended and the purposes therefor.

82.87 COMPUTATION OF TIME.

Subdivision 1.Days. Where performing or doing any act, duty, matter, payment, or thing is ordered or directed, and the period of time or duration for performing or doing it is prescribed and fixed by law, rule, or order, the time, except as otherwise provided in subdivision 2, is computed so as to exclude the first and include the last day of any such prescribed or fixed period or duration of time. When the last day of the period falls on Sunday or on any day made a legal holiday, by the laws of this state or of the United States, the day is omitted from the computation.

Subd. 2.Months. When the lapse of a number of months before or after a certain day is required by law, rule, or order, the number of months is computed by counting the months from the day, excluding the calendar month in which the day occurs, and including the day of the month in the last month so counted having the same numerical order as the day of the month from which the computation is made, unless there be not so many days in the last month so counted, in which case the period computed shall expire with the last day of the month so counted.

82.88 NONRESIDENT SERVICE OF PROCESS.

Subdivision 1.Appointment of agent. Every nonresident, before being licensed as a real estate broker, real estate salesperson, or real estate closing agent shall appoint the commissioner and a successor or successors in office as true and lawful attorney, upon whom may be served all legal process in any action or proceedings against such person, or in which such person may be a party, in relation to or involving any transaction covered by this chapter or any rule or order hereunder, which appointment shall be irrevocable. Service upon such attorney shall be as valid and binding as if due and personal service had been made upon such person. Any such appointment shall be effective upon the issuance of the license in connection with which the appointment was filed.

Subd. 2.Violation as appointment. The commission of any act which constitutes a violation of this chapter or rule or order hereunder by any nonresident person who has not theretofore appointed the commissioner as attorney in compliance with subdivision 1 shall be conclusively deemed an irrevocable appointment by such person of the commissioner and a successor or successors in any action or proceedings against the nonresident or in which the nonresident may be a party in relation to or involving such violation; and such violation shall be a signification of agreement that all such legal process which is so served shall be as valid and binding upon the nonresident as if due and personal service thereof had been made.

Subd. 3.How made. Service of process under this section shall be made in compliance with section 45.028, subdivision 2.

82.89 RULEMAKING POWERS.

The commissioner may promulgate such rules as are reasonably necessary to carry out and make effective the provisions and purposes of this chapter.

Chapter 82 Real Estate Brokers and Salespersons

82.55 DEFINITIONS.

82.56 EXCEPTIONS.

82.57 LICENSE FEES.

82.58 LICENSING: APPLICATION.

82.59 LICENSING; EXAMINATIONS AND INSTRUCTION.

82.60 EDUCATION; COURSE CURRICULUM.

82.61 LICENSING: CONTINUING EDUCATION AND INSTRUCTION.

82.62 LICENSING: RENEWAL.

82.63 LICENSING; OTHER REQUIREMENTS.

82.64 RECIPROCITY.

82.641 REAL ESTATE CLOSING AGENT LICENSING.

82.65 NOTICE TO COMMISSIONER.

82.66 CONTRACTS.

82.67 AGENCY DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS.

82.68 OTHER DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS.

82.69 ADVERTISING REQUIREMENTS.

82.70 COMPENSATION.

82.71 NEGOTIATIONS.

82.72 RECORDS.

82.73 STANDARDS OF CONDUCT.

82.735 BROKER PRICE OPINION; REQUIREMENTS; DUTIES OF LICENSEE; REGULATIONS.

82.74 GUARANTEED SALE PROGRAMS.

82.75 TRUST ACCOUNT REQUIREMENTS.

82.76 LOAN BROKERS.

82.77 TABLE FUNDING.

82.78 RENTAL SERVICES.

82.80 UNCLAIMED PROPERTY ACT COMPLIANCE.

82.81 PROHIBITIONS.

82.82 DENIAL, SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION OF LICENSES.

82.83 PENALTY.

82.84 PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION.

82.85 CIVIL ACTIONS.

82.86 REAL ESTATE EDUCATION, RESEARCH AND RECOVERY FUND.

82.87 COMPUTATION OF TIME.

82.88 NONRESIDENT SERVICE OF PROCESS.

82.89 RULEMAKING POWERS.

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